Rig Veda 10.23.4 — Mandala 10, Sukta 23, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.23
Rishi: Vimada (Vaimada) (traditional attribution for RV 10.23)
Devata: Indra (with rain/wind imagery; Soma present)
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सो चिन्नु वृष्टिर्यूथ्या स्वा सचाँ इन्द्रः श्मश्रूणि हरिताभि प्रुष्णुते । अव वेति सुक्षयं सुते मधूदिद्धूनोति वातो यथा वनम् ॥
Transliteration
só cín nu vṛṣṭír yū́thyā svā́ sacā́ṃ índraḥ śmáśrūṇi hárītābhí pruṣṇute | áva veti su-kṣáyaṃ suté mádhūd íd dhūnoti vā́to yáthā vánam ||
Translation
सोऽपि नु यूथ्या वृष्टिः स्वा सचान इन्द्रेण सहागच्छति; हरिताभिः शक्तिभिः श्मश्रूणि प्रुष्णुते। अव वेति सुक्षयं; सुते मधौ (सोमे) सत्त्वं धूनोति, वातो यथा वनम्।
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
नुnow, indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
वृष्टिःrain, shower
वृष्टिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि- (√वृष् ‘to rain, shower’)
यूथ्याin troops, massed (troop-like)
यूथ्या:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootयूथ्य- (यूथ ‘herd, troop’ + य) अथवा यूथ्या- (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
स्वाown, of itself
स्वा:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व- (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) / स्वा (स्त्री. प्रथमा एक.)
सचाँaccompanying, in company (with)
सचाँ:
—
TypeParticiple (Adjective) / Kṛdanta
Root√सच् ‘to accompany, follow’ (वेद. कृदन्त) सचान-
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootइन्द्र- (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
श्मश्रूणिbeards, whiskers
श्मश्रूणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्मश्रु- (प्रातिपदिक)
हरिताभिःwith the tawny (mares)
हरिताभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun/Adjective (instrumental plural)
Rootहरिता- (विशेषण/नाम; ‘tawny, bay (mares)’)
प्रुष्णुतेsprinkles, spatters
प्रुष्णुते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√प्रुष्/√पृष् (वेद. ‘to sprinkle, spatter’)
अवdown, away
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वेतिmoves, goes
वेति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वे (वेद. ‘to go, hasten, blow/move’)
सुक्षयम्to a good dwelling; good abode
सुक्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु-क्षय- (क्षय ‘dwelling, abode’ with सु-)
सुतेin the pressed (soma)
सुते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun (locative) / Kṛdanta used substantively
Rootसुत- (√सु ‘to press (soma)’)
मधुsweet drink; honey (soma)
मधु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमधु- (प्रातिपदिक)
उत्up, forth
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
धूनोतिshakes, tosses about
धूनोति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धू (धूनोति-प्रयोगः ‘to shake, toss, scatter’)
वातःwind
वातः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवात- (√वा ‘to blow’)
यथाas, like
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
वनम्forest, wood
वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवन- (प्रातिपदिक)
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