Rig Veda 10.170.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 170, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.170
Devata: Sūrya / the Great Light (Bṛhat, Vibhrāṭ) with Soma as sustenance; possibly a solar hymn within Soma liturgy
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विभ्राड्बृहत्पिबतु सोम्यं मध्वायुर्दधद्यज्ञपतावविह्रुतम् । वातजूतो यो अभिरक्षति त्मना प्रजाः पुपोष पुरुधा वि राजति ॥
Transliteration
vibhrā́ḍ bṛháṭ pibatu sómyaṁ mádhv ā́yur dáddhad yajñápatāv ávih rutám | vā́tajūto yó abhirákṣati tmánā prajā́ḥ pupoṣa purudhā́ ví rā́jati ||
Translation
विभ्राड्बृहत् सोम्यं मधु पिबतु; यज्ञपतेरायुर्दृढं दधात्वविह्रुतम्। वातजूतो यः स्वयमेव त्मना अभिरक्षति; स प्रजाः पुरुधा पुपोष बहुधा च विराजति।
Word by Word
विभ्राट्shining, radiant (one)
विभ्राट्:
कर्तृ (यः … विभ्राट्) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootवि-√भ्राज् (भ्राज् दीप्तौ) / प्रातिपदिक: विभ्राज्
बृहत्great, lofty
बृहत्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < √बृह् (वृद्धौ) (परम्परागत व्युत्पत्ति)
पिबतुlet (him) drink
पिबतु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पाने)
सोम्यम्Soma-like, pertaining to Soma
सोम्यम्:
कर्म (मधु) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसोम्य (प्रातिपदिक) < सोम
मधुsweet drink; honey; mead
मधु:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
आयुःlife, lifespan
आयुः:
कर्म (दधत्) / फल
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दधत्placing, bestowing
दधत्:
कर्तृ (यः … दधत्) सहक्रिया
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√धा (धारणे/स्थापने)
यज्ञपतौin/at the lord of the sacrifice
यज्ञपतौ:
अधिकरण (यज्ञपतौ = in/at the lord of the sacrifice) / लक्ष्य-स्थान
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञपति (प्रातिपदिक)
अविह्रुतम्not deviated, unerring, not gone astray
अविह्रुतम्:
कर्म-विशेषण (मधु/सोम्यम्)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootअ-वि-√ह्रु (ह्रु/ह्रव् चलने/वञ्चने; ‘to go astray’) → अविह्रुत (ppp)
वातजूतःwind-driven, impelled by the wind
वातजूतः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootवात (प्रातिपदिक) + जूत (ppp) < √जु/√जव् (प्रेरणे/वेगे) ‘impelled’
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अभिरक्षतिprotects, guards
अभिरक्षति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√रक्ष् (रक्षणे)
त्मनाby himself; with his own self/power
त्मना:
करण (by oneself / with one’s own power)
TypeNoun (instrumental)
Rootत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘self’)
प्रजाःcreatures, offspring, peoples
प्रजाः:
कर्म (पुपोष)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
पुपोषhas nourished; nourishes (perfect)
पुपोष:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पुष् (पोषणे)
पुरुधाin many ways; manifoldly
पुरुधा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरुधा (अव्यय; ‘in many ways’)
विapart, widely, distinctly
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्ग (राजति)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
राजतिshines; rules; is resplendent
राजति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√राज् (दीप्तौ/राज्ये)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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