Rig Veda 10.12.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 12, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.12
Devata: Agni (as Hotṛ) with cosmic frame Dyāvā-Pṛthivī (Heaven and Earth)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
द्यावा ह क्षामा प्रथमे ऋतेनाभिश्रावे भवतः सत्यवाचा । देवो यन्मर्तान्यजथाय कृण्वन्त्सीदद्धोता प्रत्यङ्स्वमसुं यन् ॥
Transliteration
dyā́vā ha kṣā́mā prathamé ṛténa abhiśrāvé bhavataḥ satyavā́cā | devó yán martā́n yajáthāya kṛṇván sī́dad dhótā pratyáṅ svám asúṃ yán ||
Translation
द्यावापृथिव्यौ प्रथमे ऋतेन सत्यवाचाभिश्रावे भवतः। यदा देवो मर्त्यान् यजथाय कृण्वन् होताऽसीदत्, तदा प्रत्यङ् स्वमसुम् ययौ—अन्तर्मुखोऽभवत्।
Word by Word
द्यावाḥthe two (Heaven and Earth) / the two heavens
द्यावाḥ:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootद्याव् (प्रातिपदिक: द्यौ/द्याव्)
हindeed, surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह
क्षामाthe two earths/grounds (Heaven-and-Earth pair)
क्षामा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootक्षाम् (प्रातिपदिक: क्षामा)
प्रथमेin the first (time/occasion)
प्रथमे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतेनby/with ṛta (cosmic order, truth)
ऋतेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिश्रावेat/for the invocation/renown (heard-of praise)
अभिश्रावे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअभि-श्रव् (धातु: श्रव् ‘to hear’; प्रातिपदिक/भाव: श्राव)
भवतःyou two become / you two are
भवतः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
सत्यवाचाtruth-speaking
सत्यवाचा:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य-वाच् (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
मर्तान्mortals
मर्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
यजथायfor worship / for the sacrifice
यजथाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootयजथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘worship/rite’)
कृण्वन्making, fashioning
कृण्वन्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
सीदत्sits down
सीदत्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootसद् (धातु: सद् ‘to sit’)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रत्यङ्turned back/turned toward (inward)
प्रत्यङ्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रति-अञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वम्his own
स्वम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
असुम्life-breath, vital spirit
असुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअसु (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that which
यत्:
—
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
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