Rig Veda 10.113.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 113, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.113
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
जज्ञान एव व्यबाधत स्पृधः प्रापश्यद्वीरो अभि पौंस्यं रणम् । अवृश्चदद्रिमव सस्यदः सृजदस्तभ्नान्नाकं स्वपस्यया पृथुम् ॥
Transliteration
jajñānó evá vyabādhata spṛ́dhaḥ prápaśyad vīró abhí paúṃsyaṃ ráṇam | ávṛścad ádrim áva sa-syádaḥ sṛ́jad ástabhnān nā́kaṃ svapasyáyā pṛthúm ||
Translation
स जात एव स्पृधः व्यबाधत; वीरोऽभि पौंस्यं रणं प्रापश्यत्। स अद्रिम् अवृश्चत्; अव सस्यदः स्रवांसि सृजत्; स्वपस्यया पृथुं नाकम् अस्तभ्नात्।
Word by Word
जज्ञानःhaving been born; born
जज्ञानः:
कर्तृ (agent; subject of the finite verbs)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√जन् (jan) / प्रातिपदिक: जज्ञान- (PPP)
एवindeed, just
एव:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विapart, asunder (intensifier with verb)
वि:
—
TypePreverb
Rootवि
अबाधतhe repelled, drove away
अबाधत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√बाध् (bādh)
स्पृधःrivalries; hostile opponents
स्पृधः:
कर्म (object of अबाधत)
TypeNoun
Rootस्पृध्- (prātipadika) / from √स्पृध् (spṛdh) ‘to contend’
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypePreverb
Rootप्र
अपश्यत्he saw, beheld
अपश्यत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (paś) / √दृश् (semantic)
वीरःthe hero
वीरः:
कर्तृ (apposition to जज्ञानः)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर-
अभिtowards, against
अभि:
—
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootअभि
पौंस्यम्manly, masculine
पौंस्यम्:
कर्म/विशेष्य (qualifier of रणम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपौंस्य- (from पुंस् ‘man’)
रणम्battle, combat
रणम्:
कर्म (object of अपश्यत्; ‘saw the battle’)
TypeNoun
Rootरण-
अवdown, away
अव:
—
TypePreverb
Rootअव
अवृश्चत्he cut off, cleft
अवृश्चत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√व्रश्च् (vraśc) ‘to cut’
अद्रिम्the rock, stone (mountain)
अद्रिम्:
कर्म (object of अवृश्चत्)
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि-
अवdown, away
अव:
—
TypePreverb
Rootअव
सस्यदःthe impeller/causer of flowing (epithet of the hero)
सस्यदः:
कर्तृ (apposition; subject continuing)
TypeNoun/Epithet
Rootसस्यद्- (prātipadika; Vedic epithet, lit. ‘the one who makes (things) flow/slide down’)
सृजत्he released, let loose
सृजत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सृज् (sṛj) ‘to release, let flow’
अस्तभ्नात्he propped up, made firm
अस्तभ्नात्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√स्तभ् (stabh) ‘to prop, support, make firm’
नाकम्heaven, the celestial vault
नाकम्:
कर्म (object of अस्तभ्नात्)
TypeNoun
Rootनाक-
स्वपस्ययाby skill, by good workmanship
स्वपस्यया:
करण (instrument: ‘by skill’)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वपस्या- (from सु-√पस्/पश्य?; ‘skill, good workmanship’)
पृथुम्broad, wide
पृथुम्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथु-
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