Rig Veda 1.36.20: Mandala 1, Sukta 36, Mantra 20
Sukta 1.36
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva-pravara tradition; hymn cycle associated with the Kaṇvas in Maṇḍala 1)
Devata: Agni (with emphasis on his flames as instruments of purification and protection)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse-length and cadence consistent with many Agni stanzas in this section)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वेषासो अग्नेरमवन्तो अर्चयो भीमासो न प्रतीतये । रक्षस्विनः सदमिद्यातुमावतो विश्वं समत्रिणं दह ॥
Transliteration
tvéṣāso agnér ámavanto arcáyo bhīmā́so ná pratī́taye | rakṣasvínaḥ sádam íd yātumā́vato víśvaṃ sám atríṇaṃ daha ||
Translation
त्वेषासोऽग्नेरमवन्तोऽर्चयो भीमासो न प्रतीतये। रक्षस्विनः सदमिद्यातुमावतो विश्वं समत्रिणं दह।
Word by Word
त्वेषासःthe blazing ones
त्वेषासः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootत्वेष (प्रातिपदिक) < √त्विष् (दीप्तौ/तेजने)
अग्नेःof Agni
अग्नेः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
अमवन्तःpossessing might / strong
अमवन्तः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootअम (प्रातिपदिक ‘बल/सहाय’) + वन्त् (मतुप्)
अर्चयःflames, rays
अर्चयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअर्चि (प्रातिपदिक ‘किरण/ज्वाला’)
भीमासःterrible, fearsome
भीमासः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeParticle/Indeclinable (comparative)
Rootन
प्रतीतयेfor recognition/assurance (for being perceived)
प्रतीतये:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतीति (प्रातिपदिक) < प्रति-√इ (गत्यर्थ) / √इ (गत्यर्थ) (भाव)
रक्षस्विनःthe guardians/protectors
रक्षस्विनः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootरक्षस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक) < रक्षस् + इन्
सदम्always
सदम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदम् (अव्यय ‘सदा/नित्यं’)
इद्indeed, just
इद्:
—
TypeParticle/Indeclinable (emphatic)
Rootइद्
यातुमावतःthose possessing yātu (sorcery/demonic power)
यातुमावतः:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootयातुमावत् (प्रातिपदिक) < यातु (दemon/witchcraft) + मावत् (मतुप्)
विश्वम्all, the whole
विश्वम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootसम्
अत्रिणम्the devourer/demon (Atrin)
अत्रिणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअत्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अत्रि’/‘भक्षक’ → ‘राक्षस/दस्यु’ in RV usage)
दहburn (you)!
दह:
—
TypeVerb
Root√दह् (दाहे)
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