Rig Veda 1.2.9: Mandala 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 9
Sukta 1.2
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.10; RV 1.2 likewise commonly ascribed within the Vaiśvāmitra circle)
Devata: Mitra-Varuṇa
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; typical for early Mandala 1 hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कवी नो मित्रावरुणा तुविजाता उरुक्षया । दक्षं दधाते अपसम् ॥
Transliteration
kavī nó mitrā́váruṇā tuvijā́tā urukṣáyā | dákṣaṃ dadhāte apásam ||
Translation
कवी नो मित्रावरुणा तुविजाता उरुक्षया । दक्षं दधाते अपसम् ॥
Word by Word
कवीthe two seers/wise ones
कवी:
सम्बोधन/कर्तृ (देवद्वयस्य विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक) < √कु/कव् (कवते/कूयते इति व्युत्पत्तिः, ‘कविः’ = ‘seer/wise poet’)
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (possessor/beneficiary)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मित्रावरुणाMitra and Varuṇa
मित्रावरुणा:
कर्तृ (दधाते इत्यस्य) / सम्बोधन (स्तुत्यर्थे)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र + वरुण (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक; समासः: द्वन्द्व)
तुविजाताmuch-born / of abundant birth (very mighty by birth)
तुविजाता:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतुवि (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ ‘बहु/प्रचुर’) + जात (√जन्, क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘born’) → समास/बहुव्रीहि-विशेषण
उरुक्षयाhaving a wide dwelling / wide-abiding
उरुक्षया:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु (विशाल) + क्षय (√क्षि/क्षय् ‘to dwell/abide; abode’) → समास/बहुव्रीहि-विशेषण
दक्षम्skill / power
दक्षम्:
कर्म (दधाते इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘skill, power, ability’)
दधातेthey two bestow / place
दधाते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धा (दधाति) ‘to place, bestow, establish’
अपसम्work / sacred deed
अपसम्:
कर्म (दधाते इत्यस्य; ‘work/deed’ as what is set/ordained) / विशेष्य (दक्षम्-सम्बन्धेन)
TypeNoun
Rootअपस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘work, deed, sacred work’)
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