Rig Veda 1.2.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 6
Sukta 1.2
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra
Devata: Vāyu–Indra (dual)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वायविन्द्रश्च सुन्वत आ यातमुप निष्कृतम् । मक्ष्वित्था धिया नरा ॥
Transliteration
vāyav índraś ca sunvatá ā́ yātam úpa niṣkṛtám | makṣv ìtthā dhiyā́ narā ||
Translation
हे वायो इन्द्रश्च, सुन्वतः समीपं मक्षु उप यातम्; निष्कृतं हविर्उप निषीदतम्। हे नरौ, इत्था धिया—सत्याभिलाषिण्या जाग्रतया।
Word by Word
वायोO Vāyu
वायो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootवायु- (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रश्चand Indra
इन्द्रश्च:
कर्तृ (समुच्चित) / सम्बोधन-समुच्चय
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootइन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक) + च (अव्यय)
सुन्वतःof the Soma-presser
सुन्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the presser’)
TypeParticiple (present active) used substantively
Root√सु (सुनोति ‘to press (Soma)’) → शतृ-प्रत्यय ‘सुन्वत्’
आhither
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional: ‘hither’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यातम्come (you two)
यातम्:
क्रिया (आह्वान/आज्ञा)
TypeVerb
Root√या (to go) + लोट् (imperative)
उपnear
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (proximity: ‘near’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
निष्कृतम्the prepared (Soma/oblation)
निष्कृतम्:
कर्म (object of ‘come near’)
TypeAdjective/Participle used as noun-qualifier
Rootनिष्कृत- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘prepared/arranged’, esp. of Soma/pressing) [< नि(स्)+√कृ ‘to make’]
मक्ष्वित्थाquickly, just so
मक्ष्वित्था:
क्रियाविशेषण (manner/speed)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootमक्षु (अव्यय ‘quickly’) + इत्था (अव्यय ‘thus/so’) [Vedic compound-avyaya]
धियाwith (our) prayer/insight
धिया:
करण (instrument: ‘by/with prayer’)
TypeNoun
Rootधी- (प्रातिपदिक ‘thought, insight, prayer’)
नराO two heroes (Vāyu and Indra)
नरा:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative dual)
Rootनर- (प्रातिपदिक ‘man, hero’; dual vocative in Vedic often -ā)
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