Rig Veda 1.114.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 114, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.114
Rishi: Hiraṇyastūpa Āṅgirasa (traditional)
Devata: Rudra
Chandas: Jagatī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अश्याम ते सुमतिं देवयज्यया क्षयद्वीरस्य तव रुद्र मीढ्वः । सुम्नायन्निद्विशो अस्माकमा चरारिष्टवीरा जुहवाम ते हविः ॥
Transliteration
aśyā́ma te sumatíṃ devayajyáyā kṣayádvīrasya táva rudra mīḍhvaḥ | sumnāyánn íd víśo asmā́kam ā́ cara áriṣṭavīrā juhavāma te havíḥ ||
Translation
अश्याम ते सुमतिं देवयज्यया क्षयद्वीरस्य तव रुद्र मीढ्वः। सुम्नायन्निद्विशो अस्माकमा चरारिष्टवीरा जुहवाम ते हविः॥
Word by Word
अश्यामmay I attain
अश्याम:
Kartā (अहम्) / मुख्यक्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (अश्नुते/अश्नोति) अथवा √अश् ‘to attain, reach’
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) / स्वामि-सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
सुमतिम्good will, favor, benevolent thought
सुमतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुमति- (सु + मति)
देवयज्ययाby/through worship of the gods (proper sacrifice)
देवयज्यया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun (instrumental abstract) / Adjective-like
Rootदेवयज्या- (देव + यज्या)
क्षयद्वीरस्यof (you) whose heroes abide/dwell (having abiding heroes)
क्षयद्वीरस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — qualifying ‘तव’/‘रुद्र’
TypeAdjective (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa used as epithet) / Noun-compound
Rootक्षयद्वीर- (क्षयत्/क्षयद् + वीर)
तवof you
तव:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
रुद्रO Rudra
रुद्र:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (deity name)
Rootरुद्र-
मीढ्वःO bountiful one, gracious giver
मीढ्वः:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootमीढ्वस्- (epithet; from √मिह्/√मीड् ‘to be gracious, to bestow’ in Vedic usage)
सुम्नायन्bestowing favor, being gracious
सुम्नायन्:
Kartā-विशेषण (agent qualifier)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootसुम्नाय् (denom. from सुम्न- ‘favor, grace’) / or kṛdanta from सुम्न-
नित्down/away; indeed (intensifying particle)
नित्:
— (particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित् (निः/नित् as Vedic particle)
द्विषःhaters, enemies
द्विषः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विष्- (enemy; from √द्विष् ‘to hate’)
अस्माकम्of us, our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्-
आtowards, hither
आ:
— (directional)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (preverb/particle)
चरmove/go (towards), come
चर:
मुख्यक्रिया (addressed to Rudra)
TypeVerb
Root√चर् ‘to move, go’
अरिष्टवीराhaving unharmed heroes; with heroes uninjured
अरिष्टवीरा:
Kartā-सम्बन्धी विशेषण (qualifying ‘अस्माकम्’—our [men/people] as ‘unharmed-heroed’)
TypeAdjective (bahuvrīhi) used predicatively
Rootअरिष्टवीर- (अरिष्ट + वीर)
जुहवामwe invoke, we call upon
जुहवाम:
Kartā (वयम्) / मुख्यक्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√हू ‘to call, invoke’ (with reduplication: जुहव-)
तेto you
ते:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
हविःoblation, offering
हविः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्-
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