Valmiki Ramayana 2.82.2: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 82, Shloka 2

भरतस्य धर्मप्रतिज्ञा तथा रामनिवर्तनयात्रा

Bharata’s Vow of Dharma and the Expedition to Recall Rama

Setting: Ayodhyā (royal assembly hall implied)

Devanagari script

आसनानि यथान्यायमार्याणां विशतां तदा ।

वस्त्राङ्गरागप्रभया द्योतिता सा सभोत्तमा ॥२॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.82.2

Transliteration

āsanāni yathānyāyam āryāṇāṁ viśatāṁ tadā |

vastrāṅgarāga-prabhayā dyotitā sā sabhottamā ||2||

Translation

तदा आर्याः यथान्यायं यथाक्रमं च आसनानि विशन्ति स्म। वस्त्राङ्गरागप्रभया द्योतिता सा सभोत्तमा॥

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• आसनानि: seats
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; अत्र कर्मरूपे (objects arranged/occupied)
• Role: कर्म (Karma/Object)

• यथा-न्यायम्: according to propriety/rank
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + न्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb)
• Role: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Compound: Avyayibhava

• आर्याणाम्: of the noble ones
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्
• Role: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)

• विशताम्: of those entering
• Type: Verb
• Root: विश् (धातु) उपसर्गः वि-; वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (genitive plural) ‘of those entering’
• Role: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (then)
• Role: क्रियाविशेषण (Temporal adverb)

• वस्त्र-अङ्गराग-प्रभया: by the radiance of garments and unguents
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्गराग (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रभा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्; ‘वस्त्राणां च अङ्गरागस्य च प्रभा’ इत्यर्थे समासः; करणत्वेन
• Role: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

• द्योतिता: illuminated, shining
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्योतित (कृदन्त; द्युत्/द्योत् धातु, क्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; विशेषणम् सा सभा
• Role: क्रियाविशेषण/विशेषण (Predicate adjective)

• सा: that
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम
• Role: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)

• सभा-उत्तमा: the excellent assembly hall
• Type: Noun
• Root: सभा (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः ‘उत्तमा सभा’
• Role: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Compound: Karmadharaya

Sandhi Notes

• यथान्यायम् = यथा + न्यायम् (अव्ययीभाव)
• वस्त्राङ्गरागप्रभया = वस्त्र + अङ्गराग + प्रभया (ङ्ग sandhi)
• सभोत्तमा = सभा + उत्तमा (आ + उ → ओ)

Context

When the seats were occupied by the honourable members according to their rank, that august assembly looked splendid with the brilliance of their apparels and fragrance of unguents.

The teaching

Proper order (nyāya) in public deliberation creates a stable ground for dharmic decision-making.

Ethical theme

Sadācāra (right conduct/propriety)

For your practice

Mindfulness of order and cleanliness—outer discipline supporting inner steadiness before difficult choices.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Adbhuta (wonder), with Shanta (peace)

Mood

Resplendent, ceremonial, composed

Themes

• Maryada
• Dharma
• Rajadharma
• Itihasa

Symbolism

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• sabhā (royal assembly)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here appears as maryādā—social order and propriety—shown by seating people according to rightful rank and established custom, reflecting disciplined civic life.

What is the narrative situation?

The royal assembly is being convened; respected members enter and take their seats, and the hall is described as radiant and ceremonially proper.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective virtue: decorum and respect for order (ācāra), expressed through orderly conduct in a public institution.