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Atharva Veda 2.21.1: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 1

Sukta 21

शत्रुनाशनम्। सूर्य॒ यत् ते॒ तप॒स्तेन॒ तं प्रति॑ तप॒ यो॒३स्मान् द्वेष्टि॒ यं व॒यं द्वि॒ष्मः

sū́rya yát te tápaḥ téna táṃ práti tapa yó ’smā́n dvéṣṭi yáṃ vayáṃ dvíṣmaḥ

O Sūrya, with what burning power is thine—therewith do thou scorch him back again, who hateth us, whom we do hate.

О Сурья, каким жаром (тапасом) ты обладаешь — тем жаром опали его в ответ: того, кто ненавидит нас, кого и мы ненавидим.

शत्रुनाशनम्enemy-destruction; a charm/means that destroys enemies
शत्रुनाशनम्:
कर्म (implied: ‘(इदं) शत्रुनाशनम्’ / ‘(इमं) शत्रुनाशनम्’)
TypeNoun (compound) / Adjective (used substantively)
Rootशत्रु-नाशन (प्रातिपदिक; नाशन < √नश्/नाश् ‘नाशयति’)
सूर्यO Sun
सूर्य:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्that which; whatever
यत्:
कर्म (of तपः/तपस् understood as ‘that (austerity/heat)’)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेyour; of you
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of you’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
तपःheat; austerity; sacred power
तपः:
कर्म/विषय (that ‘heat/austerity’ as the thing referred to)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
तेनby that; with that
तेन:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
तम्him; that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
प्रतिtowards; against
प्रति:
दिशा/प्रत्यवस्थान (governing the action ‘towards/against’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootप्रति
तपburn! scorch!
तप:
क्रिया (imperative addressed to सूर्य)
TypeVerb
Root√तप् (तपँ) ‘तपते/तापयति’
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
द्वेष्टिhates
द्वेष्टि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√द्विष् (द्विषँ) ‘द्वेष्टि’
यम्whom
यम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
द्विष्मःhate
द्विष्मः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√द्विष् (द्विषँ) ‘द्वेष्टि’

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (specific r̥ṣi attribution depends on the anukramaṇī for AVŚ 2.21)

Devata: Sūrya (as tapas-bearing punitive witness)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (to be confirmed against pada count in the anukramaṇī tradition)

Primary: raudra

Secondary: vira

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