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Atharva Veda 2.21.1: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 1

Sukta 21

शत्रुनाशनम्। सूर्य॒ यत् ते॒ तप॒स्तेन॒ तं प्रति॑ तप॒ यो॒३स्मान् द्वेष्टि॒ यं व॒यं द्वि॒ष्मः

sū́rya yát te tápaḥ téna táṃ práti tapa yó ’smā́n dvéṣṭi yáṃ vayáṃ dvíṣmaḥ

O Sūrya, with what burning power is thine—therewith do thou scorch him back again, who hateth us, whom we do hate.

হে সূর্য! যে আমাদের দ্বেষ করে, আর যাকে আমরা দ্বেষ করি—তোমার যে তপঃ (দাহশক্তি) আছে, সেই শক্তিতেই তাকে প্রত্যুৎতপ্ত করো, তাকেই দগ্ধ করো।

शत्रुनाशनम्enemy-destruction; a charm/means that destroys enemies
शत्रुनाशनम्:
कर्म (implied: ‘(इदं) शत्रुनाशनम्’ / ‘(इमं) शत्रुनाशनम्’)
TypeNoun (compound) / Adjective (used substantively)
Rootशत्रु-नाशन (प्रातिपदिक; नाशन < √नश्/नाश् ‘नाशयति’)
सूर्यO Sun
सूर्य:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्that which; whatever
यत्:
कर्म (of तपः/तपस् understood as ‘that (austerity/heat)’)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तेyour; of you
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of you’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
तपःheat; austerity; sacred power
तपः:
कर्म/विषय (that ‘heat/austerity’ as the thing referred to)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
तेनby that; with that
तेन:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
तम्him; that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
प्रतिtowards; against
प्रति:
दिशा/प्रत्यवस्थान (governing the action ‘towards/against’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootप्रति
तपburn! scorch!
तप:
क्रिया (imperative addressed to सूर्य)
TypeVerb
Root√तप् (तपँ) ‘तपते/तापयति’
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
द्वेष्टिhates
द्वेष्टि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√द्विष् (द्विषँ) ‘द्वेष्टि’
यम्whom
यम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
द्विष्मःhate
द्विष्मः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√द्विष् (द्विषँ) ‘द्वेष्टि’

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (specific r̥ṣi attribution depends on the anukramaṇī for AVŚ 2.21)

Devata: Sūrya (as tapas-bearing punitive witness)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (to be confirmed against pada count in the anukramaṇī tradition)

Primary: raudra

Secondary: vira

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