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Description of the Forms of Infernal Torments
Naraka Yātanās
प्रथमे प्रथमं विद्याद्द्वितीये द्विगुणं तथा ॥ तृतीये त्रिगुणं विद्याच्चतुर्थे तु चतुर्गुणम् ॥
prathame prathamaṃ vidyād dvitīye dviguṇaṃ tathā || tṛtīye triguṇaṃ vidyāc caturthe tu caturguṇam ||
ആദ്യ (നരകത്തിൽ) ദുഃഖം അടിസ്ഥാനമാനമായി അറിയണം; രണ്ടാമത്തിൽ അത് ഇരട്ടിയാകും. മൂന്നാമത്തിൽ മൂന്നിരട്ടി; നാലാമത്തിൽ നാലിരട്ടി.
Ṛṣiputra
It illustrates a didactic technique—quantifying escalation—to communicate comparative severity across cosmological punishments in Purāṇic literature.
None; the verse is comparative and schematic rather than geographic.
It implies proportionality of consequences: greater wrongdoing corresponds to more intense suffering, expressed through a graded scale.
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