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Rig Veda 10.17.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 17, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.17

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional; verify)
Devata: Mythic complex: Saraṇyū, Vivasvat, Aśvins; theme of amṛta
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

अपागूहन्नमृतां मर्त्येभ्यः कृत्वी सवर्णामददुर्विवस्वते । उताश्विनावभरद्यत्तदासीदजहादु द्वा मिथुना सरण्यूः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.17.2

apāgūhann amṛtāṃ martyebhyaḥ kṛtvī sa-varṇām adadur vivasvate | utāśvināv abharad yat tad āsīd ajahād u dvā mithunā saraṇyūḥ ||

അവർ അമൃതയെ മർത്ത്യരിൽ നിന്ന് മറച്ചു; സമാനരൂപിണിയെ സൃഷ്ടിച്ച് അവളെ വിവസ്വത്തിന് നൽകി. അശ്വിനൗ യഥാർത്ഥമായതു തിരികെ കൊണ്ടുവന്നു; സരണ്യൂ സത്യമായും രണ്ടു ഇരട്ടകളെ—യമ-യമീ—വിട്ടുപോയി.

अपaway, off
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग) / अप (अव्यय)
अगूहन्they hid/concealed
अगूहन्:
Kriyā (verb); Kartā = implied ‘they’
TypeVerb
Rootगूह् (गुह्) ‘to hide, conceal’
अमृताम्the immortal one (woman)
अमृताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक) < a- + मृ (to die)
मर्त्येभ्यःfrom mortals
मर्त्येभ्यः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
कृत्वीhaving made
कृत्वी:
— (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerbal indeclinable
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत्वी (absolutive/gerund, Vedic)
सवर्णाम्of like form/appearance
सवर्णाम्:
Karma (as complement of ‘made’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) = ‘of same appearance/colour’
अददुःthey gave
अददुः:
Kriyā (verb); Kartā = implied ‘they’
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) ‘to give’
विवस्वतेto Vivasvat (the Sun)
विवस्वते:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootविवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक; सूर्य/विवस्वान्)
उतand also / moreover
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (अव्यय)
अश्विनौthe two Aśvins
अश्विनौ:
Kartā
TypeNoun (dual deity)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अभरत्brought/bore
अभरत्:
Kriyā (verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (धातु) ‘to bear, bring’
यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma (of ‘brought’) / correl. with तत्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
Kartā (of ‘was’) / predicate reference
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
Kriyā (copula)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु) ‘to be’
अजहात्left/abandoned
अजहात्:
Kriyā (verb)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु) ‘to leave, abandon’ with preverb अ- (here as augment in aorist)
उindeed / then
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (अव्यय)
द्वाtwo
द्वा:
— (quantifier)
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
मिथुनौthe pair/couple
मिथुनौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमिथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
सरण्यूःSaraṇyū
सरण्यूः:
Kartā (of ‘left’)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootसरण्यू (प्रातिपदिक; proper name Saraṇyū)

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