Rig Veda 10.154.5: Mandala 10, Sukta 154, Mantra 5
Sukta 10.154
Devata: Yama (explicit); Ṛṣis/Kavis (invoked company)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सहस्रणीथाः कवयो ये गोपायन्ति सूर्यम् । ऋषीन्तपस्वतो यम तपोजाँ अपि गच्छतात् ॥
Transliteration
sahasranī́thāḥ kaváyo yé gopā́yanti sū́ryam | ṛṣī́n tápasvato yama tapojā́ṃ ápi gacchatāt ||
Translation
യമനേ, സഹസ്ര-ണീഥാ (ആയിരം മാർഗങ്ങളുടെ നേതാക്കൾ) ആയ കവികൾ, സൂര്യനെ കാത്തുസൂക്ഷിക്കുന്നവർ—തപസ്വികളും തപോജാ (തപസ്സിൽ നിന്നു ജനിച്ച) ഋഷിമാരുമായ അവരിലേക്കും അവൻ പോകട്ടെ; അവരെയേ അവൻ പ്രാപിക്കട്ടെ.
Word by Word
सहस्रणीथाःthe thousand-guiding (leaders), i.e., very many guides
सहस्रणीथाः:
कर्तृ (यः-सम्बन्धे विशेषण/नाम)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootसहस्र-णीथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सहस्र’ + ‘नीथ’ < √नी ‘नेतुम्/नयति’)
कवयःseers, poets
कवयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
येwho
ये:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धसूचकः)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गोपायन्तिthey protect, guard
गोपायन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गुप्/√गोपाय (धातु; denominative/causative sense ‘to guard, protect’)
सूर्यम्the Sun
सूर्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋषीन्the seers
ऋषीन्:
कर्म (गच्छतात् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
तपस्वतःaustere, practicing ascetic heat
तपस्वतः:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतपस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing tapas’)
यमO Yama
यम:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक; देवता)
तपोजान्born of tapas (ascetic heat)
तपोजान्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootतपोजा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘तपस्’ + ‘जा’ < √जन् ‘to be born’)
अपिalso, indeed
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/उपपद (भावार्थे ‘also, indeed’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (निपात)
गच्छतात्let (him/it) go; may (he) lead/go
गच्छतात्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (धातु)
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