Valmiki Ramayana 6.21.30: Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 30

सागरप्रतीक्षा-क्रोधप्रादुर्भावः

Rama’s Vigil at the Ocean and the Rise of Wrath

Devanagari script

व्यथिताःपन्नगाश्चासदनीप्तास्यादीप्तलोचनाः ।

दानवाश्चमहावीर्याःपाताळतलवासिनः ॥३०॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 6.21.30

Transliteration

vyathitāḥ pannagāś cāsan dīptāsyā dīptalocanāḥ |

dānavāś ca mahāvīryāḥ pātāḷatalavāsinaḥ ||30||

Translation

പന്നഗങ്ങളും വ്യഥിതരായി—ജ്വലിക്കുന്ന ഫണങ്ങളോടും ദീപ്തനേത്രങ്ങളോടും കൂടിയവർ; പാതാളതലത്തിൽ വസിക്കുന്ന മഹാവീര്യ ദാനവന്മാരും അതുപോലെ വിറച്ചു കുലുങ്ങി.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• व्यथिताः: distressed
• व्यथिताः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यथ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (afflicted/distressed)

• पन्नगाः: serpents
• पन्नगाः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्नग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्धसूचक (Conjunctive particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात (and)

• आसन्: were
• आसन्: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• दीप्तास्याः: with blazing mouths
• दीप्तास्याः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीप्त (दीप् धातु + क्त, कृदन्त) + आस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘दीप्तम् आस्यम् येषाम्’ (with blazing mouths)

• दीप्तलोचनाः: with glowing eyes
• दीप्तलोचनाः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीप्त (दीप् धातु + क्त, कृदन्त) + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘दीप्ते लोचने येषाम्’ (with glowing eyes)

• दानवाः: demons (Dānavas)
• दानवाः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्धसूचक (Conjunctive particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात (and)

• महावीर्याः: very powerful
• महावीर्याः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (पूर्वपद) + वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘महद् वीर्यम् येषाम्’ (of great prowess)

• पातालतलवासिनः: dwelling in the netherworld
• पातालतलवासिनः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक) + तल (प्रातिपदिक) + वासिन् (वस् धातु + णिनि, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘पातालतले वासिनः’ (dwelling on the underworld plane)

Context

Those snakes with blazing hoods and glowing eyes residing in the underworld and the demons became oppressed.

Characters & Entities

• Pannagas (serpents)
• Dānavas
• Pātāla

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma’s struggle is depicted as cosmic: when righteous action confronts obstruction, its consequences ripple beyond human society, unsettling even hidden realms—implying moral causality across worlds.

What is the narrative situation?

The ocean’s agitation spreads downward; underworld beings (serpents and Dānavas) are disturbed by the upheaval.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Righteous potency (dharma-tejas) indirectly—Rāma’s moral force is shown to have world-affecting impact.