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Valmiki Ramayana 2.92.37-38: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 92, Shlokas 37-38

भरद्वाजाश्रमात् चित्रकूटमार्गनिर्देशः · Directions from Bharadvaja’s Hermitage to Chitrakuta

सा प्रयाता महासेना गजवाजिरथाकुला ।

दक्षिणां दिशमावृत्य महामेघ इवोत्थितः ॥३७॥

वनानि तु व्यतिक्रम्य जुष्टानि मृगपक्षिभिः ।

गङ्गायाः परवेलायां गिरिष्वपि नदीषु च ॥३८॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.92.37-38

sā prayātā mahāsenā gaja-vāji-rathākulā |

dakṣiṇāṃ diśam āvṛtya mahāmegha ivotthitaḥ ||37||

vanāni tu vyatikramya juṣṭāni mṛga-pakṣibhiḥ |

gaṅgāyāḥ para-velāyāṃ giriṣv api nadīṣu ca ||38||

ആ മഹാസേന—ആനകളും കുതിരകളും രഥങ്ങളും നിറഞ്ഞു കവിഞ്ഞ—ദക്ഷിണദിക്കിലേക്കു വ്യാപിച്ചു മുന്നേറി; ആകാശത്തിൽ ഉയർന്ന മഹാമേഘംപോലെ തോന്നി। മൃഗപക്ഷികൾ വസിക്കുന്ന വനങ്ങൾ കടന്ന്, ഗംഗയുടെ അപ്പുറത്തീരത്ത്, മലകളിലൂടെയും നദികളിലൂടെയും കൂടി അത് മുന്നോട്ട് നീങ്ങി।

साthat (army)
सा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘महासेना’ इत्यस्य सर्वनाम
प्रयाताhaving proceeded
प्रयाता:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + या (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘महासेना’ इति विशेषण
महासेनाgreat army
महासेना:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + सेना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महती सेना)
गजवाजिरथाकुलाteeming with elephants, horses, and chariots
गजवाजिरथाकुला:
विशेषण (Qualifier of ‘महासेना’)
TypeAdjective
Rootगज (प्रातिपदिक) + वाजि (प्रातिपदिक) + रथ (प्रातिपदिक) + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गज-वाजि-रथैः आकुला)
दक्षिणाम्southern
दक्षिणाम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘दिशम्’ इति विशेषण
दिशम्direction
दिशम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
आवृत्यhaving covered
आवृत्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + वृत् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
Formल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having covered/spread over’
महामेघःa great cloud
महामेघः:
उपमान (Upamāna/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + मेघ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् मेघः)
इवlike
इव:
उपमा-सूचक (Simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक अव्यय
उत्थितःrisen/arisen
उत्थितः:
विशेषण (Qualifier/predicate in simile)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत् + स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपमेय-विशेषण (army compared to cloud)
वनानिforests
वनानि:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
तुand/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (contrast/emphasis)
व्यतिक्रम्यhaving traversed
व्यतिक्रम्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अति + क्रम् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
Formल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having crossed/traversed’
जुष्टानिfrequented/inhabited
जुष्टानि:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootजुष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘वनानि’ इति विशेषण
मृगपक्षिभिःby beasts and birds
मृगपक्षिभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; agent of ‘juṣṭāni’)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक) + पक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वः (मृगाश्च पक्षिणश्च)
गङ्गायाःof the Ganga
गङ्गायाः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
परवेलायाम्on the farther bank
परवेलायाम्:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक) + वेला (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (परस्यां वेलायाम्: ‘on the farther bank/side’)
गिरिषुin the mountains
गिरिषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle: ‘also/even’)
नदीषुin rivers/streams
नदीषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Coordinator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

That vast army teeming with elephants, horses and chariots proceeded southward spreading like a lofty cloud that had risen in the sky, traversing through the forests full of birds and beasts, passing through the mountains and streams on the other side of the river Ganga.

B
Bharata’s army (mahāsenā)
G
Gaṅgā
F
forests (vana)

FAQs

Dharma is conveyed as steadfast pursuit of a rightful aim despite distance and hardship—collective perseverance aligned with moral responsibility.

Bharata’s large force travels south, crossing wilderness and terrain beyond the Gaṅgā.

Resolve and disciplined unity—an organized community moving together for a dharmic purpose.

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