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Valmiki Ramayana 2.40.43: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 43

प्रयाणवर्णनम्

Departure from Ayodhya; Civic Lament and the Chariot’s Urgency

प्रत्यगारमिवायान्ती वत्सला वत्सकारणात् ।

बद्धवत्सा यथा धेनू राममाताभ्यधावत ॥४३॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.40.43

pratyagāram ivāyāntī vatsalā vatsakāraṇāt |

baddhavatsā yathā dhenū rāmamātābhyadhāvata ||43||

കെട്ടിയിട്ട കിടാവിനുവേണ്ടി വാത്സല്യമുള്ള പശു തൊഴുത്തിലേക്കു ഓടുന്നതുപോലെ, രാമന്റെ മാതാവും രാമനെ പിന്തുടർന്ന് ഓടിവന്നു.

प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (preposition-like)
अगारम्the shed/house
अगारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअगार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; गत्यर्थे कर्म (goal)
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक अव्यय
आयान्तीcoming
आयान्ती:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + या (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
वत्सलाaffectionate
वत्सला:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootवत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
वत्सकारणात्because of the calf
वत्सकारणात्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स + कारण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (वत्सस्य कारणम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; हेतौ (cause)
बद्धवत्साwhose calf is tied
बद्धवत्सा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootबद्ध + वत्स (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास (बद्धः वत्सः यस्याः सा), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
यथाjust as
यथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक अव्यय
धेनूःa cow
धेनूः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान
राममाताRama's mother
राममाता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराम + माता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (रामस्य माता), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अभ्यधावतran after/ran towards
अभ्यधावत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + धाव् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Rama's mother ran after the chariot, like an affectionate cow running towards the shed to join its fastened calf.

K
Kauśalyā
R
Rāma

FAQs

The verse highlights familial dharma and natural affection: a mother’s protective love is portrayed as instinctive and morally dignified, not a weakness.

Kauśalyā, unable to bear separation, runs after Rāma’s chariot as he leaves for exile.

Vātsalya (maternal affection) and ananya-prema (single-minded love).

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