Rig Veda 4.8.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 8, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.8
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स होता सेदु दूत्यं चिकित्वाँ अन्तरीयते । विद्वाँ आरोधनं दिवः ॥
Transliteration
sá hotā́ séd u dūtyáṃ cikitvā́n antarī́yate | vidvā́n ā́-rodhanaṃ diváḥ ||
Translation
ພຣະອົງເປັນໂຮຕາ; ແທ້ຈິງ ພຣະອົງປະຕິບັດໜ້າທີ່ເປັນທູຕາ, ຊົງຮູ້ແຈ້ງພາຍໃນ - ຊົງຮູ້ເສັ້ນທາງຂຶ້ນສູ່ສະຫວັນ.
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स
होताthe Hotṛ (invoking priest)
होता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (agent) / Priest-title
Root√हु (जुहोति) + तृच् → होतृ
सthat (same one)
स:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun (enclitic/particle-like use)
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात)
उand/also (enclitic emphasis)
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
दूत्यम्messengership; the office/task of a messenger
दूत्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदूत्य (प्रातिपदिक; from दूत ‘messenger’)
चिकित्वान्knowing, discerning
चिकित्वान्:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (possessive, ‘knowing’)
Root√चित् (to perceive/know) ; reduplicated perfect-stem + वस्/वान् (possessive) → चिकित्वान्
अन्तरीयतेmoves between; intervenes; goes as intermediary
अन्तरीयते:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: सः/होता)
TypeVerb
Rootअन्तर् + √इ (to go) ; denominative/Ātmanepada formation ‘to go between, intervene’
विद्वान्knowing, wise
विद्वान्:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (possessive, ‘knowing’)
Root√विद् (to know) + वस्/वान् → विद्वान्
आरोधनम्barrier; enclosure; gate/obstruction
आरोधनम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootआ + √रुध् (to obstruct/close) + अन (action/result noun) → आरोधन
दिवःof heaven; of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक ‘sky, heaven’) → दिव्
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