Rig Veda Sukta 33
Mandala 4Sukta 3311 Mantras

Sukta 33

Sukta 4.33

Rishi

Vāmadeva Gautama (attributed for Mandala 4; hymn to the Rbhus)

Devata

Rbhus (R̥bhus: Ṛbhu, Vibhvā, Vāja) as powers of divine craftsmanship and perfection

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 4.33; verse-level confirmation may vary by recension)

ຄຳສັດຖານີ້ເຊື້ອເຊີນພະຣິພູ, ຣິພູ, ວິພວາ, ແລະ ວາຊາ, ໃນຖານະຊ່າງສ້າງສັກຜູ້ປະດິດຮູບແບບຢ່າງສົມບູນ ແລະ ເພີ່ມພູຜູ້ຄວາມອຸດົມສົມບູນໃຫ້ແກ່ທ້ອງພະ ແລະ ມະນຸດ, ໂດຍໄດ້ຮັບການດົນລະດົນອັນໄວວາ. ມັນສັນລະເສີນຄວາມຊື່ສັດຂອງພວກເຂົາ, ການປະຕິບັດຕາມສະວະທາ (ກົດໝາຍຍຸດທຳຂອງພວກເຂົາ), ແລະ ວຽກງານອັນມະຫັດສະຈັນຂອງພວກເຂົາທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຍອມຮັບຈາກພະຕວັດຕາ, ສິ້ນສຸດດ້ວຍການຂໍໃຫ້ພວກເຂົາສ້າງ "ວະສູນິ" (ຄວາມຮັ່ງມີທີ່ແທ້ຈິງ) ໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ບູຊາໃນການບີບສົມາຄັ້ງທີສາມ.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.33

Mantras

Mantra 1

प्र ऋभुभ्यो दूतमिव वाचमिष्य उपस्तिरे श्वैतरीं धेनुमीळे । ये वातजूतास्तरणिभिरेवैः परि द्यां सद्यो अपसो बभूवुः ॥

ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າສົ່ງຄຳເວົ້າຂອງຂ້າພະເຈົ້າໄປສູ່ພະຣືພຸ ຄືກັບທູດ; ຂ້າພະເຈົ້ານັບຖືໂນນສະຫວ່າງສະຫວ່າງທີ່ປຽບສະເຫຼີມສະເຫຼີມທີ່ຖືກປັດໄຈອອກ. ພວກຜູ້ທີ່ຖືກຂັບເຄື່ອນໂດຍພະລັງຂອງລົມ, ດ້ວຍພາຫະນະທີ່ໄວວາ, ໄດ້ກາຍເປັນຜູ້ປະຕິບັດທີ່ຄອບຄຸມສະຫວັນ, ພະລັງຂອງການປະຕິບັດທີ່ມີປະສິດທິພາບ.

Mantra 2

यदारमक्रन्नृभवः पितृभ्यां परिविष्टी वेषणा दंसनाभिः । आदिद्देवानामुप सख्यमायन्धीरासः पुष्टिमवहन्मनायै ॥

ເມື່ອພະຣືພຸສ້າງສິ່ງທີ່ເໝາະສົມສຳລັບພໍ່ແມ່ສອງຜູ້, ບ່ອນນັ່ງທີ່ລ້ອມຮອບແລະການຕົກແຕ່ງດ້ວຍພະລັງງານຂອງຄວາມຊຳນານ, ພວກພະອົງໄດ້ໃກ້ຊິດກັບມິດຕະພາບຂອງເທບະພະອົງ. ພວກຮູບີຜູ້ມີຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈທີ່ໝັ້ນຄົງໄດ້ນຳມາເຊິ່ງການເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນແລະການບຳລຸງຮັກສາເພື່ອຄວາມສຸກຂອງຈິດໃຈ.

Mantra 3

पुनर्ये चक्रुः पितरा युवाना सना यूपेव जरणा शयाना । ते वाजो विभ्वाँ ऋभुरिन्द्रवन्तो मधुप्सरसो नोऽवन्तु यज्ञम् ॥

ພວກຜູ້ທີ່ເຮັດໃຫ້ພໍ່ແມ່ສອງຜູ້ເປັນໜຸ່ມໃໝ່, ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່ານອນຊະລຶກາຍຄືກັບເສົາທີ່ຊຳຮຸ່ນ, ຂໍໃຫ້ພະຣືພຸເຫຼົ່ານັ້ນ, ວາຊາ, ວິພວາ ແລະ ຣືພຸ, ຜູ້ເຕັມໄປດ້ວຍພະລັງຂອງອິນທະ ແລະ ເຊື່ອມຊາຍຄວາມຫວານ, ຈົ່ງປົກປ້ອງການບູຊາຂອງພວກເຮົາ.

Mantra 4

यत्संवत्समृभवो गामरक्षन्यत्संवत्समृभवो मा अपिंशन् । यत्संवत्समभरन्भासो अस्यास्ताभिः शमीभिरमृतत्वमाशुः ॥

ເພາະວ່າຕະຫຼອດປີພະຣືພຸໄດ້ເຝົ້າລະວັງໂນນ, ເພາະວ່າຕະຫຼອດປີພະຣືພຸໄດ້ສ້າງແລະປັບປຸງນາງໃຫ້ສົມບູນ, ເພາະວ່າຕະຫຼອດປີພວກພະອົງໄດ້ແບກຫາບຄວາມສະຫວ່າງສະຫວ່າງຂອງນາງ, ດ້ວຍຜົນງານແຫ່ງຄວາມຊຳນານທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງນັ້ນ ພວກພະອົງໄດ້ບັນລຸຄວາມເປັນອະມະຕະ.

Mantra 5

ज्येष्ठ आह चमसा द्वा करेति कनीयान्त्रीन्कृणवामेत्याह । कनिष्ठ आह चतुरस्करेति त्वष्ट ऋभवस्तत्पनयद्वचो वः ॥

ຜູ້ໃຫຍ່ທີ່ສຸດເວົ້າວ່າ, ໃຫ້ເຮັດຖ້ວຍສອງໃບ; ຜູ້ນ້ອຍກວ່າເວົ້າວ່າ, ໃຫ້ພວກເຮົາເຮັດສາມໃບ; ຜູ້ນ້ອຍທີ່ສຸດເວົ້າວ່າ, ໃຫ້ເຮັດສີ່ໃບ. ໂອ ພະຣືພຸທັງຫຼາຍ, ພະຕວັດຕາໄດ້ອະນຸມັດຄຳເວົ້າຂອງພວກເຈົ້າ, ຄຳເວົ້າທີ່ສ້າງຮູບຂອງພວກເຈົ້າທີ່ເພີ່ມຈຳນວນພາຊະນະແຫ່ງຄວາມສຸກ.

Mantra 6

सत्यमूचुर्नर एवा हि चक्रुरनु स्वधामृभवो जग्मुरेताम् । विभ्राजमानाँश्चमसाँ अहेवावेनत्त्वष्टा चतुरो ददृश्वान् ॥

ຜູ້ທີ່ເຂັ້ມແຂງໄດ້ເວົ້າຄວາມຈິງ; ເພາະແທ້ຈິງພວກພະອົງໄດ້ປະຕິບັດວຽກງານ. ຕາມກົດໝາຍຂອງການເປັນຢູ່ຂອງຕົນເອງ, ພະຣືພຸໄດ້ມາສູ່ການສຳເລັດນີ້. ພະຕວັດຕາ, ເຫັນແລ້ວ, ໄດ້ຮັບຮູ້ຄືກັບໃນມື້ດຽວວ່າສີ່ຖ້ວຍກຳລັງສະຫວ່າງດ້ວຍຄວາມສະຫວ່າງສະຫວ່າງ.

Mantra 7

द्वादश द्यून्यदगोह्यस्यातिथ्ये रणन्नृभवः ससन्तः । सुक्षेत्राकृण्वन्ननयन्त सिन्धून्धन्वातिष्ठन्नोषधीर्निम्नमापः ॥

ເປັນເວລາສິບສອງວັນ, ໃນຄວາມເປັນເຈົ້າບ້ານຂອງອະໂຄຫະຍ, ພະຣືພຸໄດ້ຊົມຊື່ນໃນຂະນະທີ່ຕິດຕາມເປົ້າໝາຍຂອງພວກພະອົງ. ພວກພະອົງໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ທົ່ງນາດີ; ພວກພະອົງໄດ້ນຳທາງແມ່ນ້ຳ; ພວກພະອົງໄດ້ວາງພືດພັນໃສ່ທົ່ງດິນແຫ້ງ; ພວກພະອົງໄດ້ຊີ້ນຳນ້ຳໄປສູ່ບ່ອນຕ່ຳ, ຈັດລຽງການເຄື່ອນໄຫວຂອງຊີວິດດ້ວຍຄວາມຊຳນານທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ.

Mantra 8

रथं ये चक्रुः सुवृतं नरेष्ठां ये धेनुं विश्वजुवं विश्वरूपाम् । त आ तक्षन्त्वृभवो रयिं नः स्ववसः स्वपसः सुहस्ताः ॥

ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ສ້າງລົດທີ່ສົມບູນແບບ, ທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດສຳລັບການເດີນທາງຂອງມະນຸດ, ແລະ ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ສ້າງໂຕນີ້ທີ່ເຄື່ອນໄຫວດ້ວຍພະລັງທັງໝົດ ແລະ ມີຮູບຮ່າງທຸກປະການ, ຂໍໃຫ້ພະຣະພູທັງຫຼາຍນັ້ນ ຈົ່ງສ້າງຄວາມສົມບູນໃຫ້ແກ່ພວກເຮົາ, ຄວາມສົມບູນແຫ່ງການມີຢູ່: ອຸດົມດ້ວຍພະລັງພາຍໃນ, ອຸດົມດ້ວຍການກະທຳທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ, ດ້ວຍມືທີ່ມີຄວາມຊຳນານສົມບູນ.

Mantra 9

अपो ह्येषामजुषन्त देवा अभि क्रत्वा मनसा दीध्यानाः । वाजो देवानामभवत्सुकर्मेन्द्रस्य ऋभुक्षा वरुणस्य विभ्वा ॥

ເພາະວ່າ ພະເຈົ້າທັງຫຼາຍໄດ້ຍອມຮັບຜົນງານຂອງພວກເຂົາ, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ພວກເຂົາກຳລັງຄິດດ້ວຍສະຕິ ແລະ ຈິດໃຈຕັ້ງໄວ້ຕໍ່ເປົ້າໝາຍ. ວາຊະໄດ້ກາຍເປັນຜູ້ກະທຳດີໃນບັນດາພະເຈົ້າ; ຣຶພຸກຊາສຳລັບອິນທະ, ແລະ ວິພວາສຳລັບວະຣຸນ, ແຕ່ລະອົງກຳລັງຢູ່ໃນຕຳແໜ່ງຂອງພະລັງທີ່ສົມບູນໃນລະບຽບວິທະຍາສາດສະໜາ.

Mantra 10

ये हरी मेधयोक्था मदन्त इन्द्राय चक्रुः सुयुजा ये अश्वा । ते रायस्पोषं द्रविणान्यस्मे धत्त ऋभवः क्षेमयन्तो न मित्रम् ॥

ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ສ້າງໃຫ້ອິນທະ ພະລັງສອງຢ່າງທີ່ມີສີຄຳ ທີ່ຊົມຊື່ນດ້ວຍຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈອັນສູງສົ່ງ ແລະ ບົດສວາ, ແລະ ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ສ້າງມ້າທີ່ຜູກມາຢ່າງສົມບູນ, ພະຣະພູທັງຫຼາຍ, ຈົ່ງວາງໄວ້ໃນພວກເຮົາ ການເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນຂອງຄວາມສົມບູນ ແລະ ຄວາມອຸດົມສົມບູນທີ່ຍືນຍົງ, ແລະ ຄວາມຮັ່ງມີແຫ່ງການມີຢູ່, ຊ່ວຍເຮັດໃຫ້ສັນຕິພາບຂອງພວກເຮົາຄືກັບມິດທີ່ແທ້ຈິງ.

Mantra 11

इदाह्नः पीतिमुत वो मदं धुर्न ऋते श्रान्तस्य सख्याय देवाः । ते नूनमस्मे ऋभवो वसूनि तृतीये अस्मिन्त्सवने दधात ॥

ບັດນີ້, ໃນການເຄື່ອນໄຫວຂອງມື້ນີ້, ພະເຈົ້າທັງຫຼາຍໄດ້ຫຼັກໃຫ້ພວກເຈົ້າ ຄວາມສະບາຍໃຈຂອງການດື່ມໂສມະ ແລະ ຄວາມປິຕິຍິນດີທີ່ສູງຂຶ້ນ; ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາສະຈາກມິດຕະພາບຂອງຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ຕັ້ງໃຈພະຍາຍາມ ແລະ ເມື່ອຍລ້າໃນການຊອກຫາ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ພະຣະພູທັງຫຼາຍ, ຈົ່ງວາງໄວ້ໃນພວກເຮົາ ຄວາມຮັ່ງມີທີ່ແທ້ຈິງ, ທີ່ນີ້, ໃນການຄົ້ນຄັດຄັ້ງທີສາມນີ້, ຈົ່ງສ້າງຄວາມສົມບູນແຫ່ງການມີຢູ່.

Inside Sukta 33

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The seer sends his word ‘like a messenger’ to the R̥bhus and praises the bright Cow of abundance, introducing them as swift, wind-driven powers of effective action.

  2. Development

    The hymn unfolds their character: truth-speaking, adherence to svadhā, and their astonishing works—especially the shining cups—so perfect that Tvaṣṭṛ recognizes them.

  3. Climax

    Their workmanship is presented as immediate, radiant accomplishment (the cups ‘seen in a day’), revealing perfection as the fruit of truth and right action.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn turns to prayer: since Soma-joy is granted in the day’s movement, the R̥bhus are asked to place ‘vasūni’—true riches and plenitudes—within the worshipper at this third pressing.

The deity: R̥bhus

  • In the VedaIn the Rig Veda the R̥bhus are semi-divine master-craftsmen who ‘make’ and ‘perfect’—fashioning radiant forms, renewing what is worn, and producing marvels swiftly, in truth and skill. They are praised for effective action (apas), luminous workmanship, and for works so exact that even Tvaṣṭṛ (the divine fashioner) acknowledges them.
  • Cosmic functionThey represent the cosmic principle of formation and refinement: turning raw potential into perfected manifestation, multiplying plenitude, and restoring vitality—especially in the sacrificial and solar order where right work yields increase.
  • Inner significanceThe R̥bhus symbolize disciplined intelligence and skill (yoga of work): the capacity to remake one’s instruments (mind, speech, senses) into ‘shining vessels,’ align with one’s svadhā, and convert effort into joy, clarity, and abundance.

The seer

  • Vāmadeva GautamaGautama (Vāmadeva) gotra · A major seer of Maṇḍala 4, celebrated for visionary hymns that unite ritual precision with inner (psychological) illumination; associated with inspired speech and the discovery of divine powers through tapas and insight.

Famous verses

प्र ऋभुभ्यो दूतमिव वाचमिष्य उपस्तिरे श्वैतरीं धेनुमीळे । ये वातजूतास्तरणिभिरेवैः परि द्यां सद्यो अपसो बभूवुः ॥
Verse 4.33.1Sets the invocation’s tone: inspired speech is dispatched to the R̥bhus, and their swift, wind-driven effective action is linked to cosmic encompassing of heaven and abundance imagery (the bright cow).Read verse 4.33.1 →
satyam ūcur… anu svadhām
Verse 4.33.6A doctrinal center: the R̥bhus ‘spoke Truth’ and ‘did the work,’ following svadhā; the verse highlights their radiant craftsmanship acknowledged by Tvaṣṭṛ, emblematic of perfected ritual and perfected being.Read verse 4.33.6 →
tṛtīye asmin savane dadhāta
Verse 4.33.11Concluding petition and ritual placement: connects Soma gladness with the friendship of the laboring seeker and asks the R̥bhus to establish ‘vasūni’ specifically in the third pressing—clear liturgical application.Read verse 4.33.11 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Divine craftsmanship and perfection
  • Truth-speaking and right execution of work (satyam + apas)
  • Swift, wind-driven inspiration (vātajūta)
  • Luminous transformation and renewal
  • Multiplication of abundance (cow/wealth imagery)
  • Association with Soma and the third pressing
  • Recognized by Tvaṣṭṛ as consummate makers

Also by this seer

  • Rig Veda Mandala 4 (many hymns attributed to Vāmadeva)
  • Hymns to Indra, Agni, Soma, the Aśvins, and the R̥bhus within the Vāmadeva collection
  • Vāmadeva is also remembered in later Vedic/Upaniṣadic tradition (e.g., the ‘Vāmadeva-vidyā’ motif of realized identity)

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the Soma-pressing space and kindle/steady the sacred fires (Agni as ritual support).
  • At the appropriate Soma pressing, invite the R̥bhus with praise of their apas (effective works) and svadhā (innate law).
  • Recite the hymn with attention to ‘truth’ (satyam) and craftsmanship imagery—cups, radiance, abundance-cow—aligning the rite with precision.
  • Offer Soma and associated oblations while petitioning for ‘vasūni’ (true riches) and for the rite to be ‘well-made’ (free of flaw).
  • Conclude by affirming friendship with the laboring seeker (śrānta) and requesting the R̥bhus to establish plenitude in the sacrificer and community.

Offerings

  • Soma libations (especially at the third pressing)
  • Ghee/clarified butter into the fire
  • Ritual praise (stotra/śastra as offering of speech)

Frequently Asked Questions

The R̥bhus are a triad—Ṛbhu, Vibhvā, and Vāja—praised as divine craftsmen who perfect and renew forms. In this hymn they stand for flawless skill, truth in action, and the power to multiply abundance.

Tvaṣṭṛ is the divine fashioner. The hymn says he recognizes the R̥bhus’ work—shining cups—showing that their craftsmanship is so perfect it is acknowledged by the cosmic artisan himself, a model for a well-made sacrifice.

A Soma sacrifice has three main pressings in a day. The hymn’s final verse asks the R̥bhus to place ‘vasūni’ (true riches) in the worshipper specifically at the third pressing, linking the praise to a clear ritual moment.

Ask anything about Sukta 33 of the Rig Veda

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