Sukta 47
Sukta 3.47
Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional, Mandala 3)
Indra (with Maruts as associates)
Triṣṭubh (likely)
ຄຳສັງຂານອິນທະ-ມາຣຸດອັນສັ້ນນີ້ເຊື້ອເຊີນອິນທະ, ໂຕຜູ້ເປັນຂຸນສົງຄາມພ້ອມດ້ວຍມາຣຸດ, ໃຫ້ດື່ມໂສມທີ່ຄັ້ນແລ້ວແລະໃຫ້ມີຄວາມປິຕິຍິນດີເພື່ອຊະນະແລະຄວາມຄຸ້ມຄອງ. ມັນເຊື່ອມຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງຂອງອິນທະກັບຣຕ (ຄວາມເປັນລະບຽບທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງແລະເວລາທີ່ເໝາະສົມ), ໂດຍລະນຶກເຖິງວ່າມາຣຸດຕິດຕາມພຣະອົງໃນການສັງຫາວາຍຣຶຕຣ ແລະໄດ້ສະຖາປະນາພະລັງໄວ້ໃນພຣະອົງ. ຈຸດປະສົງແມ່ນເພື່ອການປະຕິບັດພິທີ: ເພື່ອໃຫ້ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ, ພະລັງ ແລະໄຊຊະນະໃໝ່ໃຫ້ກັບຜູ້ນັບຖືຜ່ານການຖວາຍໂສມໃນເວລາທີ່ເໝາະສົມ.
Mantras
Mantra 1
मरुत्वाँ इन्द्र वृषभो रणाय पिबा सोममनुष्वधं मदाय । आ सिञ्चस्व जठरे मध्व ऊर्मिं त्वं राजासि प्रदिवः सुतानाम् ॥
ອົງອິນທຣະພ້ອມມາຣຸດ, ຊູນແຫ່ງສົງຄາມ, ຈົ່ງດື່ມໂສມຕາມຄວາມພໍໃຈເພື່ອຄວາມປິເສົາ. ຈົ່ງຮອດລົງສູ່ທ້ອງເຈົ້າເປັນຄື້ນຄວາມຫວານ; ເຈົ້າເປັນກະສັດແຫ່ງເຄື່ອງດື່ມທີ່ຖືກຄັ້ນໃນສະຫວັນທີ່ກ້າວໄປໜ້າ.
Mantra 2
सजोषा इन्द्र सगणो मरुद्भिः सोमं पिब वृत्रहा शूर विद्वान् । जहि शत्रूँरप मृधो नुदस्वाथाभयं कृणुहि विश्वतो नः ॥
ໃນຄວາມພໍໃຈດ້ວຍກັນກັບມາຣຸດ, ໃນຄະນະດຽວກັນ, ຈົ່ງດື່ມໂສມ, ອົງຜູ້ສັງຫານວະຕຣ, ອົງວີລະຊົນຜູ້ຮູ້. ຈົ່ງຕີສັດຕູ, ຈົ່ງຂັບໄລ່ການຮຸກຮານ; ແລ້ວຈົ່ງເຮັດໃຫ້ພວກເຮົາບໍ່ມີຄວາມຢ້ານກົວຈາກທຸກທິດ.
Mantra 3
उत ऋतुभिॠतुपाः पाहि सोममिन्द्र देवेभिः सखिभिः सुतं नः । याँ आभजो मरुतो ये त्वान्वहन्वृत्रमदधुस्तुभ्यमोजः ॥
ແລະພ້ອມກັບລະດູການ, ອົງຜູ້ປົກປ້ອງກາລະເວລາທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ, ຈົ່ງປົກປ້ອງໂສມທີ່ຖືກຄັ້ນຂອງພວກເຮົາ, ອົງອິນທຣະ, ພ້ອມກັບເທບຜູ້ເປັນມິດ; ມາຣຸດທີ່ເຈົ້າໄດ້ມອບໃຫ້ຕົວເຈົ້າ, ຜູ້ຕິດຕາມເຈົ້າແລະຕີວະຕຣ, ພວກເຂົາໄດ້ສະຖາປະນາພະລັງແຫ່ງຊັນຊະນະໃສ່ເຈົ້າ.
Mantra 4
ये त्वाहिहत्ये मघवन्नवर्धन्ये शाम्बरे हरिवो ये गविष्टौ । ये त्वा नूनमनुमदन्ति विप्राः पिबेन्द्र सोमं सगणो मरुद्भिः ॥
ຜູ້ທີ່ເພີ່ມພະລັງໃຫ້ເຈົ້າ, ອົງຜູ້ໃຈກວ້າງ, ໃນການສັງຫານງູນັກ, ໃນສົງຄາມຊາມບາຣ, ອົງຜູ້ເປັນເຈົ້າແຫ່ງມ້າສີເຫຼືອງ, ໃນການຊອກຫາໂຄນແຫ່ງແສງສະຫວ່າງ; ຜູ້ທີ່ບັນຊາຕຳນານເຈົ້າໃນປັດຈຸບັນ, ອົງຮູບີ, ຈົ່ງດື່ມ, ອົງອິນທຣະ, ໂສມພ້ອມກັບກອງທັບມາຣຸດ.
Mantra 5
मरुत्वन्तं वृषभं वावृधानमकवारिं दिव्यं शासमिन्द्रम् । विश्वासाहमवसे नूतनायोग्रं सहोदामिह तं हुवेम ॥
ພວກເຮົາຮຽກຮ້ອງທີ່ນີ້ເພື່ອການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອໃໝ່ຂອງພວກເຮົາ, ຊູນອິນທຣະຜູ້ພ້ອມດ້ວຍມາຣຸດ, ຜູ້ເຕີບໃຫຍ່ສະເໝີໄປ; ຜູ້ປົກຄອງທາງສະຫວັນຜູ້ບໍ່ລິດລອຍ, ຜູ້ຜ່ານຊະນະທຸກສິ່ງ, ຜູ້ປະທານພະລັງຢ່າງຮຸນແຮງ, ພວກເຮົາອັນເຊີນນັກ.
Inside Sukta 47
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
An urgent invitation: Indra with the Maruts is called as the battle-bull to drink Soma and be filled with honeyed surge (madhu-ūrmi).
- Development
The hymn ties Indra’s drinking to rightful timing (ṛtu/ṛtupā) and to the fellowship of divine allies; the Maruts are remembered as those who followed Indra and empowered his victory.
- Climax
Recollection of the Vṛtra-smashing partnership—Maruts and Indra together—culminating in the assertion that they placed ojas (victorious force) in him.
- Where it settles
A final, confident invocation for “new help”: Indra is praised as divine ruler, non-miserly, all-overcoming, and the fierce giver of strength, and is called to be present for aid.
The deity: Indra
- In the VedaIndra is praised as vṛṣabha (the bull), rājā of the pressed Soma, fierce yet generous, who swells in strength through Soma and the companionship of the Maruts. He is invoked as the divine ruler (śāsan) who is not a miser and who overcomes all.
- Cosmic functionChampion of cosmic order by breaking obstruction (Vṛtra), releasing life-giving waters/forces, and safeguarding the community through victorious might energized by Soma and supported by storm-gods (Maruts).
- Inner significanceRepresents awakened will, courage, and decisive intelligence that—when aligned with ṛta (right timing and right measure)—breaks inner blockage and releases vitality and clarity. The Maruts signify the surging energies and disciplined powers that accompany and amplify this awakened force.
The seer
- Viśvāmitra GāthinaGāthin (Kauśika/Viśvāmitra lineage; traditionally connected with the Bharata milieu) · A royal-turned-seer credited with shaping key Indra hymns in Maṇḍala 3 and with a strong emphasis on ṛta, divine friendship, and victorious power allied with the Maruts.
Famous verses
marutvām̐ indra vṛṣabho raṇāya
ṛtupāḥ pāhi somam
viśvāsāham avase nūtanāya
Attributes of the deity
- Vṛtra-slayer and remover of obstruction
- Soma-drinker who grows in might through ritual exhilaration
- Leader/king of the pressed draughts (sutāni)
- Marut-companioned (marutvān), battle-ready
- Generous giver of strength (sahas-dā) and victory
- Guardian of right timing/seasonal order (ṛtupā)
Also by this seer
- Major portion of Rigveda Maṇḍala 3 (many hymns to Agni, Indra, and allied deities)
- Traditionally associated with foundational Vedic prayers, including the Gāyatrī mantra (RV 3.62.10)
- Hymns connected with the Bharatas and the ideological consolidation of Vedic kingship and sacrifice
The rite, step by step
- Prepare the Soma: press, filter, and mix according to rite; seat the gods through invitation (āvāhana) by praise.
- Invoke Indra as marutvān and vṛṣabha; request him to drink “according to delight” for maddening strength (mada).
- Offer the Soma libation while reciting the central verses, emphasizing fullness in Indra’s belly (jaṭhara) and his kingship over the pressed draughts.
- Invoke the Maruts as Indra’s companions and recall their shared deed (Vṛtra-slaying) to establish victorious ojas (force) in Indra.
- Conclude with a renewed call for “new help” (nūtanā avas) and a final invitation to the all-overcoming Indra for ongoing protection.
Offerings
- Pressed Soma (primary)
- Libations/oblations accompanying Soma service (as customary: clarified butter in ancillary offerings)
Frequently Asked Questions
The hymn asks Indra, together with the Maruts, to drink the pressed Soma, become powerfully exhilarated, and give renewed protection and victory to the worshippers.
The Maruts are Indra’s stormy allies who amplify his strength. The hymn recalls that they followed him in the Vṛtra battle and helped establish his victorious force (ojas).
“Ṛtupāḥ” means “guardian of the right times/seasons.” It suggests that Indra’s help is most effective when the offering and action are aligned with ṛta—right order, timing, and measure.
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