Rig Veda 1.14.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 14, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.14

Rishi: Kaṇva

Devata: Soma (as offering substance) in relation to the gods

Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र वो भ्रियन्त इन्दवो मत्सरा मादयिष्णवः । द्रप्सा मध्वश्चमूषदः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.14.4

Transliteration

prá vo bhriyante índavo matsarā́ mādayiṣṇávaḥ | drapsā́ madhvás camūṣádaḥ ||

Translation

Forward for you are borne the Soma-drops—intoxicating with ecstasy, eager to gladden—honeyed drippings that take their seat in the cups: in us may these essences gather as delight that awakens and drives the consciousness toward the luminous victory.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• वः: of you (your)
• वः: सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• भ्रियन्ते: are borne / are carried
• भ्रियन्ते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (भरणे ‘to bear/carry’)

• इन्दवः: drops of Soma
• इन्दवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु-

• मत्सराः: intoxicating, exhilarating
• मत्सराः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत्सर-

• मादयिष्णवः: causing exhilaration, gladdening
• मादयिष्णवः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मादयिष्णु- (from √मद् ‘to be intoxicated/gladden’ + इच्छार्थ/प्रवृत्त्यर्थ -इष्णु)

• द्रप्साः: drops (pressed Soma-drops)
• द्रप्साः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रप्स-

• मध्वः: of sweetness / of honey (i.e., sweet Soma)
• मध्वः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु-

• चमूषदः: resting in the ladle/bowl
• चमूषदः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: चमूषद् (चमू- ‘ladle/bowl’ + सद् ‘sitting/abiding’)