Atharva Veda 13.1.40: Kanda 13, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 1, Mantra 40

Sukta 1

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

दे॒वो दे॒वान् म॑र्चयस्य॒न्तश्च॑रस्यर्ण॒वे। स॒मा॒नम॒ग्निमि॑न्धते॒ तं वि॑दुः क॒वयः॒ परे॑

IAST Transliteration

devó devā́n marcayasy ántaś carasy arṇavé | samānám agním índhate táṃ vidúḥ kaváyaḥ páre ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

A god, thou makest the gods to shine; within the flood thou movest. One and the same Fire they kindle: him the seers of old have known.

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Word by Word

• देवः: the god (Agni/Deva)
• देवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्चयस्य: you make (them) shine / you brighten
• मर्चयस्य: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: मर्चय (धातु; causative stem, cf. √मृच/मर्च् ‘to shine/beam; to make bright’)

• अन्तः: within, inside
• अन्तः: अधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तः (अव्यय)

• चरस्य: of the moving one / of the wanderer
• चरस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्णवे: in the flood/ocean
• अर्णवे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्णव (प्रातिपदिक)

• समानम्: the same, identical
• समानम्: कर्म (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निम्: Agni, fire
• अग्निम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्धते: they kindle / they ignite
• इन्धते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इन्ध् (दीप्तौ/प्रदीपने)

• तम्: him/that
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विदुः: they have known / they know
• विदुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (ज्ञाने)

• कवयः: the seers/poets
• कवयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक)

• परे: the highest, the transcendent
• परे: कर्तृ (कवयः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic seer-tradition of the Rohita cycle

Devata: Agni identified with the luminous deity (Rohita/Solar principle)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta