Rig Veda 8.18.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 18, Mantra 3
Sukta 8.18
Devata: Ādityas (named: Savitar, Bhaga, Varuṇa, Mitra, Aryaman)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तत्सु नः सविता भगो वरुणो मित्रो अर्यमा । शर्म यच्छन्तु सप्रथो यदीमहे ॥
Transliteration
tát su naḥ savitā́ bhágo váruṇo mitró aryamā́ | śárma yacchantu sa-prátho yád ī́mahe ||
Translation
May Savitar, Bhaga, Varuṇa, Mitra, and Aryaman—wide in their extension—grant us the sheltering peace we seek.
Word by Word
तत्that (boon/that protection)
तत्:
Karma (यच्छन्तु इत्यस्य) / (अर्थतः ‘तत्’ = ‘तद्-शर्म’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुwell, auspiciously
सु:
— (विशेषणार्थक-निपातः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (निपात/उपसर्ग; ‘सु-’ = ‘well’)
नःof us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (अर्थतः ‘अस्माकम्/अस्मभ्यम्’—हितार्थे)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सविताSavitṛ (the impeller, Sun-god)
सविता:
Kartā (यच्छन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
भगःBhaga (dispenser of fortune)
भगः:
Kartā (यच्छन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootभग (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
Kartā (यच्छन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
मित्रःMitra
मित्रः:
Kartā (यच्छन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्यमाAryaman
अर्यमा:
Kartā (यच्छन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्यमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
शर्मshelter, protection, comfort
शर्म:
Karma (यच्छन्तु)
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यच्छन्तुmay they grant
यच्छन्तु:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयम् (धातु)
सप्रथःwidely-extending, far-spreading
सप्रथः:
Kartā-विशेषण (यच्छन्तु कर्तॄणाम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootस-प्रथ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स’ + ‘प्रथ’/‘प्रथस्’)
यत्what (which)
यत्:
Karma (ईमहे इत्यस्य) / सम्बन्धः ‘यत्…तत्’
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ईमहेwe seek, we request
ईमहे:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयम् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग) → ईमहे (वेदिक रूप)
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