Rig Veda 5.9.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 9, Mantra 5

Sukta 5.9

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (probable for 5.9)

Devata: Agni (with Trita as auxiliary figure)

Chandas: Likely Jagatī/Triṣṭubh mix (this verse is longer; requires scan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अध स्म यस्यार्चयः सम्यक्संयन्ति धूमिनः । यदीमह त्रितो दिव्युप ध्मातेव धमति शिशीते ध्मातरी यथा ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.9.5

Transliteration

adha sma yasyārcayaḥ samyak saṁ-yanti dhūminaḥ | yad īmahe trito divy upa dhmātā iva dhamati śiśīte dhmātari yathā ||

Translation

Then indeed, when his smoke-laden flames gather themselves into right order, as we seek him—Trita in the heaven blows upon him like a blower; he sharpens and brightens, as one polishes in the act of blowing. Thus the inner fire is intensified by a higher impulsion.

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Word by Word

• अध: then, indeed
• अध: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध (निपात)

• स्म: indeed, just
• स्म: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (निपात)

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अर्चयः: flames, rays (of fire)
• अर्चयः: कर्तृ (of ‘संयन्ति’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्चि (प्रातिपदिक) / अर्चय (वेदिक रूप)

• सम्यक्: properly, straight
• सम्यक्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक् (अव्यय)

• संयन्ति: they restrain/hold together, they yoke
• संयन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (धातु) with सं-

• धूमिनः: smoky, smoke-bearing
• धूमिनः: कर्तृ (विशेषण of ‘अर्चयः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धूमिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यदि: when/if
• यदि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)

• इमः: these
• इमः: कर्तृ (of ‘धमति/शिशीते’ in sense ‘these (flames)’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्रितः: Trita (a Vedic figure)
• त्रितः: कर्तृ (of ‘धमति, शिशीते’)
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: त्रित (देवनाम/प्रातिपदिक)

• दिवि: in heaven
• दिवि: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यु/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव् ‘heaven’)

• उप: near, towards
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ध्मातेव: like a blower (smith)
• ध्मातेव: कर्तृ-उपमान (simile for agent)
• Type: Noun + Indeclinable
• Root: ध्मातृ (प्रातिपदिक) + इव

• धमति: he blows
• धमति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: ध्मा (धातु)

• शिशीते: he makes (it) keen/bright; he sharpens
• शिशीते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: शि/शै (धातु: शिश्/शिशी ‘to sharpen, whet, make keen’)

• ध्मातरी: at/with the blower(s)
• ध्मातरी: करण/अधिकरण (contextual: by/at the blower(s))
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)