Rig Veda 4.52.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 52, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.52
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रति ष्या सूनरी जनी व्युच्छन्ती परि स्वसुः । दिवो अदर्शि दुहिता ॥
Transliteration
práti ṣyā sūnárī jánī vyucchántī pári svásuḥ | divó adarśi duhitā́ ||
Translation
Facing us, that radiant young woman, dawning forth, is seen—encircling her sister Night; the daughter of Heaven has revealed herself.
Word by Word
प्रतिtowards, in response to
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/निपात)
ष्याshe (this/that one)
ष्या:
Kartā
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्या (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.)
सूनरीthe radiant/bright one (dawn-maiden)
सूनरी:
Kartā (ष्या इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) / Apposition
TypeNoun
Rootसूनरी (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.)
जनीthe woman, maiden
जनी:
Kartā (ष्या इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) / Apposition
TypeNoun
Rootजनी (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.)
व्युच्छन्तीshining forth, dawning
व्युच्छन्ती:
Kartā (ष्या… सूनरी… जनी… इत्यस्य क्रियाविशेषण/विशेषण)
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootउच्छ् (धातु; ‘उच्छति’ उदय/प्रकाशे) + वि-
परिaround, all about
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
स्वसुःof the sister
स्वसुः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation) / Adhikaraṇa (परि-योगे ‘around’)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसृ (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.)
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive) — ‘of heaven’
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री./पुं. वैदिक)
अदर्शिappeared, was seen
अदर्शि:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया) — Kartā = ष्या (उषस्)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) — लुङ् (अorist) आत्मनेपद; अ- (अगम) + दर्शि
दुहिताthe daughter
दुहिता:
Kartā (अदर्शि इत्यस्य कर्तृपद-समनाधिकरण) / Apposition
TypeNoun
Rootदुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.)
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