Rig Veda 4.3.7: Mandala 4, Sukta 3, Mantra 7

Sukta 4.3

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni (as mediator; named powers include Pūṣan, Rudra, Viṣṇu, Bṛhat)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

कथा महे पुष्टिम्भराय पूष्णे कद्रुद्राय सुमखाय हविर्दे । कद्विष्णव उरुगायाय रेतो ब्रवः कदग्ने शरवे बृहत्यै ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.3.7

Transliteration

kathā́ mahé puṣṭim-bharā́ya pūṣṇé kád rudrā́ya su-mákhāya havir-dé | kád víṣṇava urú-gāyāya réto brávaḥ kád agne śárave bṛhatyái ||

Translation

How will you speak to the Great Pūṣan who bears plenitude, and what to Rudra of good sacrifice, giver of the oblation? What seed-word will you speak to Viṣṇu of wide steps; what, O Agni, to the far-flying Arrow, to the Vast?

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Word by Word

• कथा: how? in what way?
• कथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथा (प्रश्नाव्यय)

• महे: to the great (one)
• महे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्

• पुष्टिम्भराय: to the nourishment-bringing (one)
• पुष्टिम्भराय: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective/Epithet
• Root: पुष्टिम्भर (प्रातिपदिक; पुष्टिं + भर)

• पूष्णे: to Pūṣan
• पूष्णे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: पूषन्

• कद्: when? how? (interrogative particle)
• कद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कद् (प्रश्नाव्यय)

• रुद्राय: to Rudra
• रुद्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: रुद्र

• सुमखाय: to the good-at-sacrifice / of good worship
• सुमखाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective/Epithet
• Root: सुमख (सु- + मख)

• हविर्दे: O oblation-giver
• हविर्दे: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective/Epithet
• Root: हविर्द (हविस् + द; ‘giver of oblation’)

• कद्: when? how?
• कद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कद् (प्रश्नाव्यय)

• विष्णवे: to Viṣṇu
• विष्णवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: विष्णु

• उरुगायाय: to the wide-striding / far-famed (one)
• उरुगायाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective/Epithet
• Root: उरुगाय (उरु- + गाय)

• रेतः: seed; semen; generative power
• रेतः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रेतस्

• ब्रवः: you speak / speak forth
• ब्रवः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू

• कद्: when? how?
• कद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कद् (प्रश्नाव्यय)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (deity name)
• Root: अग्नि

• शरवे: to/for the arrow (missile)
• शरवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘arrow/shaft’ or ‘missile’)

• बृहत्यै: to/for the Bṛhatī (great one; also the Bṛhatī metre)
• बृहत्यै: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (metre/name) / Adjective (f.)
• Root: बृहती