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Rig Veda 2.22.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 22, Mantra 3

Sukta 2.22

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Indra (with Soma refrain)
Chandas: Jagatī (likely)

साकं जातः क्रतुना साकमोजसा ववक्षिथ साकं वृद्धो वीर्यैः सासहिर्मृधो विचर्षणिः । दाता राधः स्तुवते काम्यं वसु सैनं सश्चद्देवो देवं सत्यमिन्द्रं सत्य इन्दुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.22.3

sā́kaṃ jā́taḥ krátunā sā́kam ójasā vavakṣitha sā́kaṃ vṛddhó vī́ryaiḥ sāsahír mṛ́dho vícarṣaṇiḥ | dātā́ rā́dhaḥ stuvaté kā́myaṃ vásu sá enaṃ saścad devó deváṃ satyám índraṃ satyá índuḥ ||

Born together with will, together with force you have grown; together you have increased by heroic powers, conquering the assaults, master of men. Giver of bounty, to the praiser you grant the desired treasure; and the true Soma follows the true Indra, god cleaving to god.

साकम्together, in company
साकम्:
Adhikaraṇa (सहभाव/समवाय-भावे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम् (अव्यय) < सह (PIE *sem ‘together’)
जातःborn
जातः:
Kartā (विशेष्य-रूपेण)
TypeVerb-derived (past participle)
Root√जन् (जनने)
क्रतुनाby (his) resolve/insight, by will
क्रतुना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
साकम्together
साकम्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम्
ओजसाby strength, with might
ओजसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
ववक्षिथyou have grown/you have become strong
ववक्षिथ:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वक्ष्/√वह् (वहने/वर्धने; RV: ‘to grow/strengthen’)
साकम्together
साकम्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम्
वृद्धःgrown, increased
वृद्धः:
Kartā (विशेष्य-रूपेण)
TypeVerb-derived (past participle)
Root√वृध् (वर्धने)
वीर्यैःwith heroic powers/energies
वीर्यैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
सासहिःconquering, overpowering
सासहिः:
Kartā (विशेष्य-विशेषणभावे)
TypeAdjective (verbal adjective)
Root√सह् (सहने/जये) → सासहि- (RV adj.)
मृधःhostilities/foes
मृधः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृध्/मृध (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hostility, foe’)
विचर्षणिःthe far-seeing/wide-ruling one (Indra)
विचर्षणिः:
Kartā (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootविचर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wide-ruling/men-seeing’ epithet)
दाताgiver
दाता:
Kartā
TypeNoun (agent)
Root√दा (दाने) → दातृ (agent noun)
राधःbounty, gift
राधः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
स्तुवतेto the one who praises
स्तुवते:
Sampradāna
TypeVerb (present participial form used substantively)
Root√स्तु (स्तुतौ)
काम्यम्desirable
काम्यम्:
Karma (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√कम् (कान्तौ/इच्छायाम्) → काम्य (adj.)
वसुwealth, good
वसु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
he
:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootस (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्/इदम्-सम्बद्ध सर्वनाम ‘एना-’ (enam)
सश्चत्may (he) accompany/attend
सश्चत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√सच् (सचने ‘to accompany, follow’)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
देवम्the god (i.e., Indra)
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
सत्यम्true, real
सत्यम्:
Karma (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सत्यःtrue
सत्यः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्दुःSoma (the drop)
इन्दुः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)

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