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Rig Veda 10.2.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 2, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.2

Devata: Agni (with address to the gods collectively)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यद्वो वयं प्रमिनाम व्रतानि विदुषां देवा अविदुष्टरासः । अग्निष्टद्विश्वमा पृणाति विद्वान्येभिर्देवाँ ऋतुभिः कल्पयाति ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 10.2.4
Transliteration

yád vo vayáṁ pra-minā́ma vratā́ni vidúṣāṁ devā́ aviduḥ-tarāsaḥ | agníṣ tád víśvam ā́ pṛṇāti vidvā́nyébhir devā́ṁ ṛtúbhiḥ kálpayāti ||

Translation

If we diminish your laws, O gods—being more ignorant than the knowers—Agni, who knows, fills up all that. By these right seasons he sets the gods in their proper order.

Word by Word
यत्whatever / that which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध/हेतु (यत्-तत् सम्बन्धे) / कर्म (यद्=यत् किञ्चित्) प्रसङ्गानुसार
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वःof you / your
वः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) / सम्प्रदान (यदि दत्त्यर्थे) — अत्र सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
प्रमिनामwe violate / we transgress
प्रमिनाम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मि (मिनाति ‘to diminish, violate, transgress’) + प्र-
व्रतानिvows, ordinances, sacred rules
व्रतानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
विदुषाम्of the wise / of those who know
विदुषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the knowing (ones)’
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Participle
Rootविद्वस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √विद् ‘to know’)
देवाःO gods
देवाः:
सम्बोधन/सम्बन्ध (हे देवा:)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अविदुष्ट-तरासःmore ignorant (than the wise)
अविदुष्ट-तरासः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (वयम्) / विधेय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (comparative, predicative)
Rootअविदुष्ट-तर (तद्धित/तुलनात्मक; ‘more unknowing’) + अस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘being’) → -आस (बहुवचन प्रथमा)
अग्निःAgni
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (पुनरुक्त-निर्देशः: ‘that (fault/that act)’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वम्all, the whole
विश्वम्:
कर्म (तत्…विश्वम् = ‘all that, wholly’) / क्रियाविशेषणार्थे ‘entirely’
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; completely
आ:
क्रियाविशेषक (सम्पूर्णतया/आभिमुख्येन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
पृणातिfills up, makes good, atones
पृणाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पॄ / √पृ (पृणाति ‘to fill, make good, satisfy’)
विद्वान्knowing, wise
विद्वान्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (अग्निः) / विधेय
TypeAdjective / Participle
Rootविद्वस् (कृदन्त; √विद् ‘to know’)
येभिःby which / with which
येभिः:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतुभिःwith the seasons / at the proper times
ऋतुभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)
कल्पयातिarranges, duly sets in order / appoints
कल्पयाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√कॢप् / √कल्प् (कल्पयति ‘to arrange, prepare, fit’)
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