Rig Veda Sukta 28
Mandala 1Sukta 289 Mantras

Sukta 28

Sukta 1.28

This hymn frames the Soma-pressing as a living, sounding rite: the pressing-stone, mortar, bowls, and sieve are invoked as they awaken Indra and make the offering effective. It sacralizes the audible rhythm of pounding and pressing as a victorious proclamation, culminating in the careful transfer and purification of Soma so the clarified draught may be rightly set forth for the deity.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.28

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • IndraMantras 1-4, 6, 8with ritual implements personified in the frame

    Indra is the mighty Soma-drinker, invoked by the force of the press and the exhilaration of the clarified draught; he is stirred by the rite’s sound and motion and comes to drink and empower the sacrificer.

  • SomaMantra 9Soma (as the clarified delight), with ritual focus on Pavitra (purifier/sieve)

Mantras

Mantra 1

यत्र ग्रावा पृथुबुध्न ऊर्ध्वो भवति सोतवे । उलूखलसुतानामवेद्विन्द्र जल्गुलः ॥

जहाँ पत्थर छोटा और मोटा होता है, वो सीधा खड़ा होता है। वहाँ लोग सोम रस निकालते हैं। पत्थर की आवाज़ इंद्र तक पहुँचती है। इंद्र की ताकत हमारे अंदर जाग उठती है। यह सोम रस निकालने का काम है।

Mantra 2

यत्र द्वाविव जघनाधिषवण्या कृता । उलूखलसुतानामवेद्विन्द्र जल्गुलः ॥

जहाँ दो पत्थर रखे हैं, दोनों एक जैसे हैं। दोनों साइड में खड़े हैं। वहाँ सोम रस निकालते वक़्त आवाज़ आती है। वो आवाज़ इंद्र तक पहुँचती है। इंद्र की ताकत हमारे पास आती है। यह पत्थर की आवाज़ है।

Mantra 3

यत्र नार्यपच्यवमुपच्यवं च शिक्षते । उलूखलसुतानामवेद्विन्द्र जल्गुलः ॥

जहाँ औरत सीख रही होती है। वो पत्थर ऊपर नीचे करती है। वहाँ सोम रस निकालने की आवाज़ आती है। इंद्र वो आवाज़ सुन लेता है। उसकी ताकत हमारे काम आती है। यह सीखने का तरीका है।

Mantra 4

यत्र मन्थां विबध्नते रश्मीन्यमितवा इव । उलूखलसुतानामवेद्विन्द्र जल्गुलः ॥

जहाँ लोग चर्निंग स्टिक को बाँधते हैं और रस्सियों को कंट्रोल करते हैं जैसे घोड़े। वहाँ मोर्टर की आवाज़ इंद्र सुन लेता है। यह डिसिप्लिन है जो पावर को सही डायरेक्शन में लाता है।

Mantra 5

यच्चिद्धि त्वं गृहेगृह उलूखलक युज्यसे । इह द्युमत्तमं वद जयतामिव दुन्दुभिः ॥

और अगर तुम घर घर में इस्तेमाल हो रहे हो मोर्टर। तो यहाँ आवाज़ उठाओ, इतनी चमकदार कि जीतने वालों की ढोलक जैसी हो। जीत की पूजा हो।

Mantra 6

उत स्म ते वनस्पते वातो वि वात्यग्रमित् । अथो इन्द्राय पातवे सुनु सोममुलूखल ॥

और तुम्हारे लिए पेड़ का स्वामी, हवा चलती है ऊपर की तरफ। फिर इंद्र के लिए सोम रस निकालो मोर्टर से। इंद्र पियें और ताकत आए।

Mantra 7

आयजी वाजसातमा ता ह्युच्चा विजर्भृतः । हरी इवान्धांसि बप्सता ॥

तुम दोनों पूजा के लायक हो और शक्ति लाने वाले हो। तुम दोनों ऊँचा उठाए जाते हो और चलाए जाते हो। इंद्र के घोड़ों जैसे तुम अँधेरा को खत्म करते हो।

Mantra 8

ता नो अद्य वनस्पती ऋष्वावृष्वेभिः सोतृभिः । इन्द्राय मधुमत्सुतम् ॥

आज तुम दोनों पेड़ के स्वामी, ताकतवर लोगों के साथ मिल के इंद्र के लिए सोम रस निकालो। यह रस मीठा हो और इंद्र को शक्ति दे।

Mantra 9

उच्छिष्टं चम्वोर्भर सोमं पवित्र आ सृज । नि धेहि गोरधि त्वचि ॥

बर्तन में जो सोम बचा है उसको ऊपर निकाल लो। उसको साफ करने वाले छेदें में डाल दो। फिर उसे गाय की चमड़ी पर रख दो, वो चमकती हुई चमड़ी है। ताकि वो साफ हो जाए और रोशनी में ठहरा जाए।

Inside Sukta 28

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The hymn opens by locating Indra’s attention in the very place where the pressing-stone rises for Soma-work, making the rite’s physical scene the doorway to divine presence.

  2. Development

    Ritual implements are addressed as animate participants; their sound and repeated household usage are reinterpreted as luminous, victory-bringing speech within the sacrifice.

  3. Climax

    The decisive act of purification: Soma is poured into the pavitra and established on the cowhide—clarity, fitness, and consecration peak together (RV 1.28.9).

  4. Where it settles

    The rite is stabilized through correct placement and completion of the pressing/straining sequence, ensuring Indra’s draught is properly prepared and the sacrificer’s aim secured.

The deity: Indra

  • Cosmic functionHe releases and increases vital power—breaking obstruction, winning space, rain, and prosperity—so that life and order can expand.
  • Inner significanceIndra signifies awakened courage and decisive will: the inner ‘victor’ roused by disciplined effort (tapas-like pounding/pressing) and clarified delight (Soma) into luminous strength.

The seer

  • Vasiṣṭha (traditional Anukramaṇī attribution; some recensions vary)Vasiṣṭha gotra (Āṅgirasa-related priestly lineage in later tradition) · Foremost among the Rigvedic seers, celebrated as a master of mantra-craft and priestly efficacy; closely associated with royal consecration themes and the establishment of ṛta through correct ritual speech.

Famous verses

यत्र ग्रावा पृथुबुध्न ऊर्ध्वो भवति सोतवे । उलूखलसुतानामवेद्विन्द्र जल्गुलः ॥
Verse 1.28.1Sets the hymn’s ritual-theological frame: the pressing-stone’s upright readiness and the mortar-pressers’ sound become the call that reaches Indra and awakens strength.Read verse 1.28.1 →
यच्चिद्धि त्वं गृहेगृह उलूखलक युज्यसे । इह द्युमत्तमं वद जयतामिव दुन्दुभिः ॥
Verse 1.28.5Memorably personifies the mortar (ulūkhalaka), transforming ordinary repeated use into a ‘most luminous’ victorious proclamation—linking ritual sound with triumph.Read verse 1.28.5 →
उच्छिष्टं चम्वोर्भर सोमं पवित्र आ सृज । नि धेहि गोरधि त्वचि ॥
Verse 1.28.9Gives a clear procedural culmination—gather, pour into the purifier, and set on the cowhide—summarizing the purification logic that makes Soma fit for divine reception.Read verse 1.28.9 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Soma-loving (somapā)
  • Vṛtra-slayer and remover of obstruction
  • Bestower of strength, victory, and abundance
  • Responsive to hymn, sound, and ritual precision
  • Protector of the sacrificer and enhancer of vitality

Also by this seer

  • Large portions of Maṇḍala 7 (Vasiṣṭha family hymns)
  • Hymns to Indra, Varuṇa-Mitra, Agni, and the ritual order (ṛta)
  • Later tradition: prominence in Brāhmaṇa/Itihāsa-Purāṇa literature as a paradigmatic purohita (priest)

The rite, step by step

  • Raise and set the pressing-stone for pressing; begin the rhythmic pounding/pressing that ‘announces’ the rite (RV 1.28.1).
  • Engage the mortar and related implements; let their sound be treated as a victorious proclamation that supports the sacrificer’s success (cf. RV 1.28.5).
  • Collect Soma in bowls; gather what remains so nothing of the offering is wasted or left unpurified.
  • Pour Soma into the purifier/sieve (pavitra) and clarify it through straining (RV 1.28.9).
  • Set the clarified Soma upon the cowhide (go-tvac) as the consecrated, luminous support; proceed to offering and distribution according to the Soma sequence.

Offerings

  • Soma juice (pressed and then purified)
  • Associated oblations in the Soma context (supporting offerings as per śrauta procedure)

Frequently Asked Questions

It describes the Soma-pressing rite and treats the ritual tools—stone, mortar, bowls, and sieve—as sacred agents whose sound and action summon Indra and complete the offering.

In Vedic thought, correctly used ritual instruments carry intention and power; their rhythm and sound are a form of effective speech that helps the sacrifice succeed and draws the deity near.

The pavitra is the strainer/sieve that clarifies Soma. The hymn highlights pouring Soma through it and setting it on the cowhide so the drink becomes ritually pure and ready for offering.

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