Rig Veda Sukta 143
Mandala 1Sukta 1438 Mantras

Sukta 143

Sukta 1.143

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 1.143; verse length supports triṣṭubh cadence)

This eight-verse hymn praises Agni as the ever-renewed power of the sacrifice—seated on earth as ṛtvij and upheld by the Vasus—who establishes rite and order (ṛta). Agni is invoked in his watery mystery as Apām Napāt, as a fierce remover of obstacles who "clears the forests," and finally as an unblinking guardian asked to protect the people with unfailing defenses.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.143

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • Agniincluding the form Apām Napāt

    Agni is the Son of Force (sahasaḥ sūnu), the beloved Hotṛ who takes his seat on earth, kindled to carry offerings and to establish the seasonal rite.

Mantras

Mantra 1

प्र तव्यसीं नव्यसीं धीतिमग्नये वाचो मतिं सहसः सूनवे भरे । अपां नपाद्यो वसुभिः सह प्रियो होता पृथिव्यां न्यसीददृत्वियः ॥

मैं अग्नि के लिए एक नई और ताकतवली सोच ले के आता हूँ। अग्नि जो ताकत का बेटा है, उसके लिए मन और वाणी का भी साथ लाता हूँ। वो पानी का बेटा है और वसु देवताओं का प्रिय है। वो धरती पर बैठा है सही टाइम पर पूजा करने के लिए।

Mantra 2

स जायमानः परमे व्योमन्याविरग्निरभवन्मातरिश्वने । अस्य क्रत्वा समिधानस्य मज्मना प्र द्यावा शोचिः पृथिवी अरोचयत् ॥

जब अग्नि ऊपर आकाश में पैदा होता है, तब वो मातरिश्वन के लिए दिखाई देता है। मातरिश्वन जो आग लाने वाला है। अपनी इच्छा से और अपनी चमक से वो आकाश और धरती को रोशन कर देता है। चारों तरफ उजाला फैल जाता है।

Mantra 3

अस्य त्वेषा अजरा अस्य भानवः सुसंदृशः सुप्रतीकस्य सुद्युतः । भात्वक्षसो अत्यक्तुर्न सिन्धवोऽग्ने रेजन्ते अससन्तो अजराः ॥

अग्नि की ताकत कभी पुरानी नहीं होती। उसकी रोशनी अच्छी लगती है, चेहरा साफ है और चमक तेज है। जैसे नदियाँ रात से निकल के बहने लगती हैं, वैसे ही अग्नि की किरणें हिलती हैं। वो कभी थकती नहीं, कभी कम नहीं होती।

Mantra 4

यमेरिरे भृगवो विश्ववेदसं नाभा पृथिव्या भुवनस्य मज्मना । अग्निं तं गीर्भिर्हिनुहि स्व आ दमे य एको वस्वो वरुणो न राजति ॥

भार्गव रिशियों ने अग्नि को जगाया था। वो सब कुछ जाननेवाला है। यह धरती का सेंटर है और पूरी दुनिया में बड़ा है। अपने गानों से उसे अपने घर में बुलाओ। वो ही एक ऐसा है जो धन पर राज करता है, जैसे वरुण राज करता है।

Mantra 5

न यो वराय मरुतामिव स्वनः सेनेव सृष्टा दिव्या यथाशनिः । अग्निर्जम्भैस्तिगितैरत्ति भर्वति योधो न शत्रून्त्स वना न्यृञ्जते ॥

यह आगे नहीं हटता। जैसे मरुत देवताओं की आवाज़ गूँजती है, जैसे कोई सेना छूटी है, जैसे बिजली गिरती है, वैसे ही यह है। अग्नि अपने ते दाँतों से सब को खा जाता है। जैसे कोई योधा दुश्मन को मारता है, वैसे ही यह रास्ते साफ करता है।

Mantra 6

कुविन्नो अग्निरुचथस्य वीरसद्वसुष्कुविद्वसुभिः काममावरत् । चोदः कुवित्तुतुज्यात्सातये धियः शुचिप्रतीकं तमया धिया गृणे ॥

क्या अग्नि हमारे लिए वही बनेगा जो गानों में बैठा है? क्या वो हमारे काम आएगा और हमारे सपने पूरे करेगा? क्या वो हमारे सोच को जीत की तरफ ले जाएगा? मैं उसका ध्यान करता हूँ जो बिल्कुल साफ चेहरा वाला है।

Mantra 7

घृतप्रतीकं व ऋतस्य धूर्षदमग्निं मित्रं न समिधान ऋञ्जते । इन्धानो अक्रो विदथेषु दीद्यच्छुक्रवर्णामुदु नो यंसते धियम् ॥

अग्नि का चेहरा घी की तरह चमकता है। वो सच्चाई की नीव पर बैठा है। जैसे मित्र को जगाया जाता है, वैसे ही इसको भी। जब यह जलता है तो सबके सामने चमकता है। यह हमारी सोच को ऊपर उठाता है।

Mantra 8

अप्रयुच्छन्नप्रयुच्छद्भिरग्ने शिवेभिर्नः पायुभिः पाहि शग्मैः । अदब्धेभिरदृपितेभिरिष्टेऽनिमिषद्भिः परि पाहि नो जाः ॥

हे अग्नि, तू कभी ठहर मत। अपनी रक्षा से हमारे को बचा। जो रक्षा अच्छी है और मज़बूत है, उस्से हमारे को सुरक्षित रख। जो कभी धोखा नहीं देती, जो कभी फेल नहीं होती, ऐसे ही नज़र से हमारी पूरी जान बचा।

Inside Sukta 143

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The poet brings an "ever-new, stronger" inspired formulation to Agni, presenting him as the rightly-seated priest who establishes the rite.

  2. Development

    Agni’s double nature unfolds: manifest on earth as Hotṛ and mysterious as Apām Napāt; his power is praised as irresistible, thunderbolt-like, and obstacle-consuming.

  3. Climax

    Agni appears as the warrior-fire who devours and strikes down foes, "clearing the forests"—a peak image of removing blockage and opening the path.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn settles into a sustained plea for protection: Agni is asked to guard the people with auspicious, unfailing, unblinking defenses.

The deity: Agni

  • In the VedaAs Apām Napāt, he is the "Child of the Waters," a hidden, radiant fire-principle connected with the shining life in the waters and the mysterious birth of flame.
  • Cosmic functionMediator between gods and humans, conveyor of offerings, establisher of ṛta through the ordered sacrifice; purifier and protector who burns away hostile forces and clears paths for prosperity.
  • Inner significanceThe awakened will and luminous intelligence that rises from the depths (waters) into conscious action; the inner fire that digests impressions, removes inner obstruction, and maintains vigilant protection of one’s life-force and community.

The seer

  • Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution)Āṅgirasa (Angiras lineage) · A prominent early Ṛgvedic seer associated with hymns to Agni and Indra; remembered for forceful, martial imagery and for integrating cosmic and ritual Agni (including Apām Napāt motifs).

Famous verses

apāṃ napāt ("Child of the Waters")
Verse 1.143.1Sets the hymn’s keynote: the offering of renewed inspiration to Agni as Hotṛ and as Apām Napāt, linking ritual order (ṛta/ṛtvij) with cosmic mystery.Read verse 1.143.1 →
न यो वराय मरुतामिव स्वनः सेनेव सृष्टा दिव्या यथाशनिः । अग्निर्जम्भैस्तिगितैरत्ति भर्वति योधो न शत्रून्त्स वना न्यृञ्जते ॥
Verse 1.143.5A vivid climax of Agni’s unstoppable force—roar, host, thunderbolt—depicting him as the devourer who destroys enemies and removes obstruction.Read verse 1.143.5 →
animiṣadbhiḥ ("with unblinking watchfulness")
Verse 1.143.8Concluding protection formula: Agni’s unrelaxing, unblinking guardianship is invoked for the safety of the people and their continuance.Read verse 1.143.8 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Hotṛ priest and messenger
  • Ever-new, ever-strong inspiration (navyasī/tavyasī dhīti)
  • Apām Napāt: hidden fire in the waters
  • Fierce devourer of obstacles with "sharp jaws"
  • Protector with unblinking, unfailing guardianship
  • Upholder of ṛta and seasonal order
  • Beloved of the Vasus; wealth-bestowing

Also by this seer

  • Rig Veda Mandala 1 hymns traditionally linked with Kutsa (including Indra-Agni praise)
  • Associated in later Vedic tradition with Indra’s companionship and victory motifs (Kutsa–Indra narratives)

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare and clean the altar/vedi; arrange fuel (samidh) and kindling.
  • Invoke Agni as Hotṛ seated on earth; recite opening praise emphasizing "ever-new thought" and right ritual order.
  • Kindle/brighten the fire with ghee while invoking Agni as Apām Napāt (hidden radiance) to awaken the sacrificial power.
  • Offer oblations with requests for obstacle-removal and victory over hostile forces (inner and outer).
  • Conclude with protective prayer: ask Agni’s auspicious, unfailing, unblinking guardianship over people, births, and prosperity.

Offerings

  • Ghee (ājya)
  • Kindling sticks (samidh)
  • Grain/oblations as available (havis)

Frequently Asked Questions

Agni is praised—especially as the sacrificial fire (Hotṛ) and in the mysterious form Apām Napāt, the “Child of the Waters.”

It asks Agni to establish the rite in right order, destroy obstacles and hostile forces, and protect the people with steady, unfailing guardianship.

It points to a hidden, radiant fire-principle associated with the waters—Agni as a secret source of life and light that can emerge and act powerfully in the world.

Ask anything about Sukta 143 of the Rig Veda

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