Rig Veda Sukta 120
Mandala 1Sukta 12012 Mantras

Sukta 120

Sukta 1.120

Rishi

Kakṣīvān Dairghatamasa (traditional for RV 1.120)

Chandas

Anuṣṭubh-like/short metre (requires śākhā verification; commonly RV 1.120 uses shorter metres than the preceding triṣṭubhs)

This hymn is a direct, searching invocation to the Aśvin twins, asking what kind of offering and inner readiness truly pleases them and brings their help. It praises them as rescuers who draw beings out of constriction and danger, and it seeks their protection and awakening power so that lethargy, harm, and mere complacent enjoyment are overcome.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.120

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • AshvinauAśvinau

    Twin divine horsemen, youthful and beautiful, swift as thought, physicians and helpers of humans, famed for rescuing the distressed and bringing boons at daybreak.

Mantras

Mantra 1

का राधद्धोत्राश्विना वां को वां जोष उभयोः । कथा विधात्यप्रचेताः ॥

अश्विन भाई, कैसी पूजा चाहिए तुम्हे? कैसे भोग लगाएँ जो तुम दोनों को पसंद आए? जो अभी तक जागता नहीं, वो कैसे सही तरीके से पूजा करे?

Mantra 2

विद्वांसाविद्दुरः पृच्छेदविद्वानित्थापरो अचेताः । नू चिन्नु मर्ते अक्रौ ॥

जो नहीं जानता, वो दरवाज़े के बारे में पूछता है जो जाननेवाले जानते हैं। जो समझ नहीं रखता, वो गलती कर बैठता है। आज भी इंसान में यह दोनों ताकतें सही से नहीं मिलती।

Mantra 3

ता विद्वांसा हवामहे वां ता नो विद्वांसा मन्म वोचेतमद्य । प्रार्चद्दयमानो युवाकुः ॥

हम उन दोनों जाननेवालों को बुलाते हैं। आज वो हमें सही बात बताएँ। जो तुम्हारी दया माँगता है, वो गाता रहे।

Mantra 4

वि पृच्छामि पाक्या न देवान्वषट्कृतस्याद्भुतस्य दस्रा । पातं च सह्यसो युवं च रभ्यसो नः ॥

मैं सीधा पूछता हूँ, बेवकूफी से नहीं। देवी-देवता, तुम जो चमत्कार कर सकते हो, मुझे बताओ। जब भी मुश्किल आए, तुम दोनों मेरी रक्षा करो। जब भी मौका मिले, जल्दी मदद करो।

Mantra 5

प्र या घोषे भृगवाणे न शोभे यया वाचा यजति पज्रियो वाम् । प्रैषयुर्न विद्वान् ॥

जब कोई शब्द बोलता है, वो ऐसे चमकता है जैसे भार्गव रिशियों की आग चमकती है। पज्रिय उस शब्द से भगवान को पूजा करवाता है। लेकिन वो ऐसे है जैसे कोई जान-बूझ के आगे बढ़ रहा हो, बिना यह जाने कि शब्द अंदर से कैसे चमकता है।

Mantra 6

श्रुतं गायत्रं तकवानस्याहं चिद्धि रिरेभाश्विना वाम् । आक्षी शुभस्पती दन् ॥

मैंने तकवन की गायत्री सुनी है। मैं गाता हुआ अश्विन दोनों भाइयों को पुकारता हूँ। आओ और हमें आँखें दो जो चमकती हैं। तुम दोनों सुंदरता के हो।

Mantra 7

युवं ह्यास्तं महो रन्युवं वा यन्निरततंसतम् । ता नो वसू सुगोपा स्यातं पातं नो वृकादघायोः ॥

तुम दोनों बड़े खुशी के हो। तुम दोनों हमें तंगी से बाहर निकालते हो। तुम बड़े वाले हो, हमारे अच्छे रक्षक बनो। भाड़ से हमें बचाओ और जो हमें नुकसान करे उससे भी बचाओ।

Mantra 8

मा कस्मै धातमभ्यमित्रिणे नो माकुत्रा नो गृहेभ्यो धेनवो गुः । स्तनाभुजो अशिश्वीः ॥

हमें किसी दुश्मन के हाथ मत देना। हमारे घर से जो शक्ति हमें खिलाती है वो मत जाने देना। वो दूध देने वाली है, कभी हाथ नहीं आती, कभी खत्म नहीं होती।

Mantra 9

दुहीयन्मित्रधितये युवाकु राये च नो मिमीतं वाजवत्यै । इषे च नो मिमीतं धेनुमत्यै ॥

तुम दोनों मिलकर मित्रता के लिए दूध निकाल रहे हो। हमें धन दो और सुख दो। हमें वो शक्ति भी दो जो चमकती है और हमें आगे बढ़ाती है।

Mantra 10

अश्विनोरसनं रथमनश्वं वाजिनीवतोः । तेनाहं भूरि चाकन ॥

अश्विन भाइयों का रथ चलाने में आसान है, पर उसमें बहुत ताकत है। उस रथ से मैंने बहुत कुछ पा लिया है। मेरे पास अब खुशी और शांति दोनों है।

Mantra 11

अयं समह मा तनूह्याते जनाँ अनु । सोमपेयं सुखो रथः ॥

यह रथ मेरे शरीर को उठा के चल रहा है। लोगों के बीच में घूमता है। सोम पीने के लिए यह एक अच्छा रथ है, खुशी से चलता है।

Mantra 12

अध स्वप्नस्य निर्विदेऽभुञ्जतश्च रेवतः । उभा ता बस्रि नश्यतः ॥

जब नींद का थकान होता है, और पैसा खर्च करने का मज़ा, दोनों चीज़ें दूर हो जाती हैं। बसरि, यह दोनों परेशानियाँ खत्म हो जाती हैं।

Inside Sukta 120

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A candid question: what offering and what inner disposition will truly win the Aśvins’ delight, given the worshipper’s partial wakefulness.

  2. Development

    The hymn turns from questioning to praise—remembering the Aśvins’ rescuing power and asking them to become ‘good guardians’ against danger and wrongdoing.

  3. Climax

    A concentrated plea for protection and liberation from constriction: the Aśvins as the decisive rescuers who ward off the ‘wolf’ and the doer of harm.

  4. Where it settles

    The prayer settles into inner purification: sleep-weariness and fixation on mere wealth/comfort are to be dissolved, leaving wakeful, rightly ordered participation in the rite.

The deity: Aśvinau

  • Cosmic functionThey mediate the transition from night to dawn, restore vitality, and intervene to save, heal, and set right what is constrained, broken, or endangered.
  • Inner significanceThe awakening powers that lift the mind from dullness (apracetas) into clarity and right arrangement (vidhā), turning fear and inner ‘wolves’ into steadiness and protection.

The seer

  • Kakṣīvān DairghatamasaDairghatamasa (Dirghatamas lineage); traditionally connected with the Aṅgiras/Bhṛgu stream in later Anukramaṇī notices · A prominent early Ṛgvedic poet credited with vivid Aśvin hymns and with a life-story of hardship and rescue that mirrors Aśvin motifs of deliverance and renewal.

Famous verses

का राधद्धोत्राश्विना वां को वां जोष उभयोः । कथा विधात्यप्रचेताः ॥
Verse 1.120.1Sets the hymn’s distinctive tone of self-inquiry: not only calling the gods, but asking what kind of offering and consciousness properly invites them.Read verse 1.120.1 →
pātaṃ no vṛkād aghāyoḥ
Verse 1.120.7A central protective verse: praises the Aśvins as liberators from constriction and explicitly asks guardianship from the ‘wolf’ and harmful forces.Read verse 1.120.7 →
अध स्वप्नस्य निर्विदेऽभुञ्जतश्च रेवतः । उभा ता बस्रि नश्यतः ॥
Verse 1.120.12Concludes with an inward turn: obstacles like sleep-dullness and complacent enjoyment are said to pass away—an implicit fruit of Aśvin awakening.Read verse 1.120.12 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Twin deities
  • Swift helpers
  • Healers/physicians
  • Rescuers from peril
  • Guardians against harm
  • Associated with dawn and transitions
  • Bring prosperity and safe passage

Also by this seer

  • Traditionally associated with multiple Aśvin hymns in Maṇḍala 1 (including RV 1.116–1.126 in several recensional attributions)
  • Hymns of praise that emphasize rescue, healing, and swift aid—typical Aśvin themes across early Maṇḍala 1

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the fire (Agni) and seat (barhis) with a calm, wakeful intention.
  • Recite the opening verses as an invitation, explicitly asking what pleases the Aśvins and aligning speech (hotrā) with sincerity.
  • Offer oblations while naming the Aśvins as protectors who ‘draw out from constriction’ and requesting guardianship from harm.
  • Conclude with a prayer for the removal of lethargy/sleep-dullness and for right enjoyment (not mere complacency), sealing the request for protection and clarity.

Offerings

  • Ghee (ājya)
  • Milk/curds (payas/dadhi) in domestic setting
  • Soma offering where applicable
  • Simple water-libations and fragrant fuel as supportive offerings

Frequently Asked Questions

The Aśvins are twin deities known as swift horsemen and divine physicians. They are praised for rescuing people from danger and bringing help at dawn.

The hymn asks what kind of offering and inner readiness truly pleases the Aśvins, and it prays for their protection—especially to be drawn out of constriction and kept safe from harm.

It points to inner obstacles: dullness, inertia, and complacency. The Aśvins’ help is sought not only for outer safety but also for awakening and right enjoyment guided by clarity.

Ask anything about Sukta 120 of the Rig Veda

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