Varaha Purana 49.40: Adhyaya 49, Shloka 40

The Padmanābha Dvādaśī Observance, with the Eulogy of Lamp-Offering Merit

Devanagari script

सपत्नीको नृपवरॊ द्वादशीं समुपोष्य च । इह जन्मनि राजा ऽसौ पुत्रपौत्रांस्तथा ऽऽप्तवान् ॥ ४९.४० ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 49.40

Transliteration

sapatnīko nṛpavaro dvādaśīṃ samupoṣya ca | iha janmani rājā 'sau putrapautrāṃs tathā 'ptavān || 49.40 ||

Translation

Jener vortreffliche König, zusammen mit seiner Gemahlin, hielt ordnungsgemäß das Dvādaśī-Fasten und erlangte in diesem Leben Söhne und ebenso Enkel.

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Word by Word

• सपत्नीकाḥ: together with his wife
• सपत्नीकाḥ: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + पत्नी + क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि ‘having (his) wife’ (with wife)

• नृपवरः: the excellent king
• नृपवरः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप + वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘best of kings’

• द्वादशीम्: the Dvādaśī (fast)
• द्वादशीम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• समुपोष्य: having fully observed the fast
• समुपोष्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Purvakala-kriya/पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उपवस्/उपोष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) with prefixes सम्+उप; ‘having duly fasted’

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय

• जन्मनि: in (this) birth
• जन्मनि: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• राजा: the king
• राजा: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• असौ: that (king)/he
• असौ: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/असौ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; demonstrative ‘that/he’

• पुत्रपौत्रान्: sons and grandsons
• पुत्रपौत्रान्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र + पौत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व ‘sons and grandsons’

• तथा: thus/also
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb ‘thus/so/also’)

• आप्तवान्: obtained
• आप्तवान्: क्रिया (Kriya/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्तवतुँ-प्रत्यय, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘obtained’

Speaker

Varāha (default, speaker not explicit in fragment)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Dharmaśāstra-related Themes

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a common Purāṇic didactic pattern where royal exempla are used to frame vrata (observance) as a socially stabilizing ethic, linking disciplined practice with ideals of lineage continuity and governance.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic location is named in this verse; it focuses on the merit/result of observing Dvādaśī.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse presents disciplined observance (fasting on Dvādaśī, undertaken jointly with one’s spouse) as a model of ethical self-regulation associated with prosperity and familial continuity.