Rig Veda 9.37.3 — Mandala 9, Sukta 37, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.37

Rishi: Unknown/unspecified in provided input (Soma Pavamāna corpus; traditionally attributed to various seers across the ninth maṇḍala)

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (the purifying Soma)

Chandas: Likely Jagatī (common in Soma Pavamāna hymns), but not determinable with certainty from the single verse without full metrical scan

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स वाजी रोचना दिवः पवमानो वि धावति । रक्षोहा वारमव्ययम् ॥

Transliteration

sa vājī rocanā divaḥ pavamāno vi dhāvati | rakṣo-hā vāram avyayam ||

Translation

ذاك السُّوما، حاملُ قوّةِ الوفرة (vaji)، إذ يطهّرُ نفسَه (pavamāna)، يَعدو عبرَ العوالمِ المضيئةِ في السماء؛ قاتلُ قوى الظلمة (rakṣo-hā)، يدخلُ الحِمى غيرَ الفاني (avyaya).

Word by Word

• सः: he (that one)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स-

• वाजी: the prize-winning/strong, swift one
• वाजी: Kartā (सः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक; वाज ‘strength/prize, speed’)

• रोचनानि: the shining realms/lights
• रोचनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचन (प्रातिपदिक; √रुच् ‘to shine’)

• दिवः: of heaven/sky
• दिवः: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पवमानः: Pavamāna (Soma), being purified
• पवमानः: Kartā (सः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (Adjective) / Noun-epithet
• Root: पवमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पू ‘to purify’ → पवते; ‘being purified/flowing’)

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (Preverb)
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• धावति: rushes/streams
• धावति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धाव् (धावति) ‘to run, rush, stream’

• रक्षोहा: demon-slayer
• रक्षोहा: Kartā (सः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: रक्षस् + हन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘slayer of demons’)

• वारम्: a protective covering/enclosure
• वारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘covering/protection; enclosure’)

• अव्ययम्: imperishable, undecaying
• अव्ययम्: Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव्यय (प्रातिपदिक; a- + व्यय ‘loss/decay’)