Rig Veda 9.108.10: Mandala 9, Sukta 108, Mantra 10

Sukta 9.108

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ वच्यस्व सुदक्ष चम्वोः सुतो विशां वह्निर्न विश्पतिः । वृष्टिं दिवः पवस्व रीतिमपां जिन्वा गविष्टये धियः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.108.10

Transliteration

ā vacyasva su-dakṣa camvóḥ sutó viśā́ṃ vahnír ná viśpátiḥ | vṛṣṭíṃ diváḥ pavasva rītím apā́ṃ jínvā gaviṣṭáye dhíyaḥ ||

Translation

كُنْ مُفصَحًا مُتجلّيًا، أيها البالغُ الإتقان؛ أنتَ المعصورُ في الأقداح—كلهيبٍ حامل، كسيّدٍ للشعوب. طهِّرْ نفسَكَ لتصيرَ مطرَ السماء، ولتكونَ الجريانَ القويمَ للمياه؛ وأحْيِ أفكارَنا لِظَفَرِ أشعّةِ النور.

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Word by Word

• आ: forth, towards (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• वच्यस्व: be proclaimed / be celebrated
• वच्यस्व: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (dhātu) / vac ‘to speak, utter’

• सुदक्ष: well-skilled, very able
• सुदक्ष: Kartā (as epithet of the subject Soma) / Sambodhana-like
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दक्ष (prātipadika) / su+dakṣa

• चम्वोः: of/in the two cups (pressing-vessels)
• चम्वोः: Adhikaraṇa (locative sense: ‘in the two cups’) / Sambandha (genitive sense: ‘of the two cups’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमू (prātipadika) / camū ‘cup, bowl; ladle’

• सुतः: pressed (Soma)
• सुतः: Kartā (subject Soma) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Participle (Adjective) / Noun-epithet
• Root: सु (dhātu) → सुत (PPP) / su ‘to press (Soma)’

• विशाम्: of the peoples, of the clans
• विशाम्: Sambandha (genitive: ‘of the peoples’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (prātipadika) / viś ‘clan, people, settlement’

• वह्निः: the bearer/impeller (like a fire-priest)
• वह्निः: Kartā / Apposition to Soma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वह्नि (prātipadika) / vahni ‘carrier; fire; priest; impeller’

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (indeclinable) / na

• विश्पतिः: the clan-lord, house-lord
• विश्पतिः: Kartā / Apposition (comparand) to vahniḥ
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्-पति (prātipadika) / viś+pati ‘lord of the clan’

• वृष्टिम्: rain, a shower
• वृष्टिम्: Karma (object of पवस्व)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्टि (prātipadika) / vṛṣṭi ‘rain, shower’

• दिवः: of heaven, from the sky
• दिवः: Sambandha (genitive: ‘of heaven’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् (prātipadika) / div ‘sky, heaven’

• पवस्व: purify yourself / flow as purified
• पवस्व: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पू (dhātu) / pū ‘to purify, cleanse’

• रीतिम्: a stream, course
• रीतिम्: Karma (object alongside वृष्टिम्; ‘(as) a stream/course’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रीति (prātipadika) / rīti ‘course, stream; flowing’

• अपाम्: of the waters
• अपाम्: Sambandha (genitive: ‘of the waters’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (prātipadika) / ap ‘water’

• जिन्व: quicken, set in motion, invigorate
• जिन्व: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: जिवि/जि (dhātu) / jinv ‘to set in motion, quicken, invigorate’

• गविष्टये: for cattle-winning, for the quest of cows
• गविष्टये: Sampradāna (purpose/beneficiary: ‘for cattle-winning’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गविष्टि (prātipadika) / gaviṣṭi ‘desire for cows; cattle-seeking, battle for cattle’

• धियः: thoughts, inspirations, hymns
• धियः: Karma (object of जिन्व: ‘quicken the thoughts/hymns’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धि (prātipadika) / dhi ‘thought, insight, hymn’