Rig Veda 7.86.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 86, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.86

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 7.86)

Devata: Varuṇa (with cosmic-sovereign framing; hymn is Varuṇa-centered)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

धीरा त्वस्य महिना जनूंषि वि यस्तस्तम्भ रोदसी चिदुर्वी । प्र नाकमृष्वं नुनुदे बृहन्तं द्विता नक्षत्रं पप्रथच्च भूम ॥

Transliteration

dhīrā́ tv asya mahinā́ janū́ṃṣi ví yas tastámbha ródasī cid urvī́ | prá nā́kam ṛṣváṃ nunude bṛhántam dvitā́ nákṣatraṃ papráthat ca bhū́ma ||

Translation

بعظمة ذاك الواحد، تُستنهَض قوى البصيرة الراسخة—هو الذي ثبّت حتى العالمين الفسيحين. دفع إلى الأمام السماء السامقة الواسعة؛ وبسط المقعد المزدوج للنجوم وأساس الأرض—مقيمًا السَّعة المنظَّمة التي ينمو فيها الوعي.

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Word by Word

• धीराḥ: the wise (seers)
• धीराḥ: कर्तृ (of the implied ‘are/know’ etc.; subject of the descriptive clause)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: धीरा- (प्रातिपदिक; धीर < √धृ/√धी ‘to hold/think’, ‘steady, wise’)

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: कर्म (object of an implied verb like ‘know/recognize/praise’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (2nd person pronoun stem)

• अस्य: of him/this (one)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of him/this one’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्- (pronominal stem)

• महिना: by (his) greatness/might
• महिना: करण (instrumental: ‘by/through (his) might’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिन्-/महिमा- (प्रातिपदिक ‘greatness, might’)

• जनूंषि: the two knees
• जनूंषि: कर्म (object with √तभ्/स्तम्भ ‘to prop’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनु- (प्रातिपदिक ‘knee’; dual ‘knees’)

• वि: apart, asunder; widely
• वि: — (preverb modifying the verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga/particle)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ (subject of तस्तम्भ)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (relative pronoun)

• तस्तम्भ: propped up / made firm
• तस्तम्भ: कर्तृ-क्रिया (finite verb of the relative clause)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्तम्भ् (स्तम्भ्) ‘to prop, support, make firm’

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: कर्म (what is propped up)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी- (प्रातिपदिक ‘the two worlds: heaven & earth’)

• चित्: indeed, even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (particle)

• उर्वी: the broad (one), the wide expanse
• उर्वी: विशेषण/सम्बन्ध (descriptive epithet)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: उर्वी- (प्रातिपदिक ‘broad, wide (earth)’)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: — (preverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga/particle)

• नाकम्: heaven, the firmament
• नाकम्: कर्म (object of नुनुदे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाक- (प्रातिपदिक ‘heaven, firmament’)

• ऋष्वम्: lofty
• ऋष्वम्: विशेषण (qualifier of the object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्व- (प्रातिपदिक ‘lofty, high’)

• नु: now; indeed
• नु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (particle)

• नुनुदे: has thrust/pushed (forth)
• नुनुदे: कर्तृ-क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नुद् ‘to push, thrust, drive’

• बृहन्तम्: the great (one/expanse)
• बृहन्तम्: कर्म (co-object/appositive with नाकम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘great, lofty’)

• द्विता: in two ways; doubly; as a pair
• द्विता: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: द्विता (adverb from द्वि ‘two’)

• नक्षत्रम्: the starry (realm); a constellation
• नक्षत्रम्: कर्म (object of पप्रथत्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्र- (प्रातिपदिक ‘star; constellation’)

• पप्रथत्: has spread out / extended
• पप्रथत्: कर्तृ-क्रिया (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रथ् ‘to spread, extend, become wide’

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (conjunction)

• भूम: the earth/ground; the expanse
• भूम: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमन्-/भूमि- (Vedic form; ‘earth/ground/space’)