Rig Veda 5.74.9: Mandala 5, Sukta 74, Mantra 9
Sukta 5.74
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional attribution for many Aśvin hymns in Maṇḍala 5; exact verse-level attribution may follow the sūkta’s r̥ṣi)
Devata: Aśvinau (the twin divine healers/saviours; Nāsatyā)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verse length and cadence align with triṣṭubh usage in adjacent Aśvin material, but requires pada-count verification from a critical text)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
शमू षु वां मधूयुवास्माकमस्तु चर्कृतिः । अर्वाचीना विचेतसा विभिः श्येनेव दीयतम् ॥
Transliteration
śamū́ ṣú vāṃ madhūyuvāsmā́kam astu carkṛtíḥ | arvācīnā́ vicetasā víbhiḥ śyénā iva dīyatam ||
Translation
يا أَشْفِنَان (Aśvin)، يا مَن تَفِتّانِ بشبابِ لذّةِ العسل، لِتَكُنْ معونتُكما الفاعلةُ لنا سَلامًا وكَمالًا. توجّها إلينا ببصيرتِكما الواسعة، وتعاليا سريعًا بقواكما، كهُبوطِ صقرٍ مُحكَمٍ واثق.
Word by Word
शम्well; auspiciously; for welfare
शम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशम् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक; PIE *ḱem- ‘calm/peace’)
ऊँindeed; O!
ऊँ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊँ (निपात)
सुwell; very
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वाम्you two
वाम्:
Karma (with implied verb ‘be/come’ etc.)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मधूयुवाO you two honey-sweet/pleasant young ones
मधूयुवा:
Sambodhana (addressing the two deities) / Kartā (if taken as subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधु + युवन् (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
अस्माकम्of us; our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive of possession)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
— (copula)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
चर्कृतिःactive doing; effective action; (our) well-wrought deed
चर्कृतिः:
Kartā/Predicate-noun (what is to be ‘be’)
TypeNoun
Root√कृ (धातु) → चर्कृति- (कृदन्त/नाम; intensive/reduplicated formation)
अर्वाचीनाःturned hither; coming this way
अर्वाचीनाः:
Kartā (as subject of ‘दीयतम्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्वाचीन (प्रातिपदिक) < अवर्/अर्वाच् ‘towards here’
विचेतसाःdiscerning; wise
विचेतसाः:
Kartā (coordinated subject) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootवि- + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘discerning’
विभिःwith the birds (i.e., as with winged ones)
विभिः:
Karaṇa (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootवि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bird’, esp. a flying creature) / or ‘विभि’ as instr. pl. of ‘वि’ in RV usage
श्येनेवlike (with the speed of) a falcon
श्येनेव:
Karaṇa/Upamāna (comparative instrument)
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootश्येन (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (निपात)
दीयतम्be bestowed; be granted; be given
दीयतम्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु) ‘to give’ (passive/impersonal injunctive/imperative usage in RV)
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