Rig Veda 5.5.4 — Mandala 5, Sukta 5, Mantra 4

Sukta 5.5

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (RV 5.5)

Devata: Invocation within a multi-deity Aprī-type sequence; this verse addresses a luminous ‘opening/loosening’ power (often aligned with ritual facilitation powers rather than a single anthropomorphic deity)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऊर्णम्रदा वि प्रथस्वाभ्यर्का अनूषत । भवा नः शुभ्र सातये ॥

Transliteration

ūrṇámradā́ ví práthasvābhyàrká anūṣata | bhávā naḥ śúbhra sātáye ||

Translation

يا أيها النورُ الذي يُليِّن ويُطلق ما انعقد في الداخل، اتَّسِعْ؛ لقد اندفعت تراتيلُنا نحوك. كُنْ لنا عونًا ساطعًا لنيلِ الغنمِ الحقّ.

Word by Word

• ऊर्णम्रदाः: (you) soft as wool / wool-soft (ones)
• ऊर्णम्रदाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ऊर्णम्रद (प्रातिपदिक; ऊर्णा- ‘ऊन/ऊन का रेशा’ + मृद् ‘मृदु/कोमल’)

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• प्रथस्व: spread out / expand (yourself)
• प्रथस्व: कर्तृ (आत्मकर्तृ; ‘तुम’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रथ् (प्रथँ विस्तारे/विस्तार)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अर्काः: hymns/songs of praise
• अर्काः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनूषत: they have sung/uttered (praise)
• अनूषत: क्रिया (कर्तृ = अर्काः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच्/√उच् (वैदिक: ‘उष्/वच्’ स्तुति-उच्चारणे; here as finite verb ‘they have uttered/praised’)

• भव: be / become
• भव: क्रिया (कर्तृ = ‘त्वम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भू सत्तायाम्)

• नः: of us / for us
• नः: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of us/for us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शुभ्र: O bright/pure one
• शुभ्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative use)
• Root: शुभ्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सातये: for gain/attainment (for winning)
• सातये: सम्प्रदान (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘प्राप्ति/लाभ/विजय’)