Rig Veda 5.1.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 1, Mantra 3

Sukta 5.1

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for RV 5.1)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यदीं गणस्य रशनामजीगः शुचिरङ्क्ते शुचिभिर्गोभिरग्निः । आद्दक्षिणा युज्यते वाजयन्त्युत्तानामूर्ध्वो अधयज्जुहूभिः ॥

Transliteration

yád īṃ gaṇásya raśanā́m ájīgar śúcir aṅkte śúcibhir góbhir agníḥ | ā́d dákṣiṇā yujyate vāja-yánty uttānā́m ūrdhvó adhayaj juhū́bhiḥ ||

Translation

حين يُحرِّك حِزامَ الجماعة (raśanā للـgaṇa)، يُطيِّب أغني—الطاهر—نفسَه بأشعّةٍ طاهرة (go). ثم تُقرَنُ دكشِنا (Dakṣiṇā) بالنِّير، جالبةً وفرةَ القوّة؛ قائمًا، يحلبُ إلى أعلى القوى الممدودة بمغارف القربان (juhū).

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• यद्: when
• यद्: Adhikaraṇa (काल) / सम्बन्ध-निर्देशक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (यद्-शब्द) सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक

• ईम्: indeed, then
• ईम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईम् (निपात/एन्क्लिटिक)

• गणस्य: of the troop, of the host
• गणस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the troop/host’
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण (प्रातिपदिक)

• रशनाम्: the rein, the strap
• रशनाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रशना (प्रातिपदिक)

• अजीगः: you sang/intoned
• अजीगः: Kartā (implicit ‘त्वम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै/गि (धातु: गा/गै ‘to sing/chant’; reduplicated aorist)

• शुचिः: bright, pure
• शुचिः: Kartā (with अग्निः) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अङ्क्ते: anoints, smears
• अङ्क्ते: Kartā (अग्निः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु) ‘to anoint, smear’

• शुचिभिः: with pure (ones)
• शुचिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोभिः: with cows; with rays (metaph.)
• गोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निः: Agni (Fire)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• आत्: then, thereupon
• आत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आत् (निपात/अव्यय)

• दक्षिणा: the dakṣiṇā (priestly gift/fee)
• दक्षिणा: Kartā (with युज्यते) / विषय
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)

• युज्यते: is yoked, is joined
• युज्यते: Kartā (दक्षिणा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु) ‘to yoke, join’

• वाजयन्ति: they make (one) win; they invigorate; they win prizes
• वाजयन्ति: Kartā (implicit agents: priests/offerers) ; कर्म = (दक्षिणाम् implied) / or ‘they win prizes’
• Type: Verb
• Root: वाजय् (नामधातु/denom. from वाज ‘prize, strength’) ‘to make win, to invigorate’

• उत्तानाम्: outstretched
• उत्तानाम्: Karma (object of अधयत्) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तान (प्रातिपदिक; from ud+tan ‘stretched upward/out’)

• ऊर्ध्वः: upright, raised
• ऊर्ध्वः: Kartā (with implicit subject, likely अग्निः) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधयत्: he placed, he set
• अधयत्: Kartā (implicit: अग्निः) ; Karma = जुहूम्
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु) ‘to place, set’ with preverb अधि-

• जुहूभिः: with ladles (offering-spoons)
• जुहूभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: जुहू (प्रातिपदिक)