Rig Veda 3.48.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 48, Mantra 1
Sukta 3.48
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional for Maṇḍala 3); RV 3.48 often treated as Indra hymn
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सद्यो ह जातो वृषभः कनीनः प्रभर्तुमावदन्धसः सुतस्य । साधोः पिब प्रतिकामं यथा ते रसाशिरः प्रथमं सोम्यस्य ॥
Transliteration
sadyáḥ ha jātó vṛṣabháḥ kanīnáḥ prábhartum ā́vad ándhasaḥ sutásya | sādhóḥ piba pratikā́maṃ yáthā te rásāśiraḥ prathamáṃ somyásya ||
Translation
ما إن وُلِدَ حتى تقدّم الثورُ الفتيُّ ليحملَ عَصيرَ النشوةِ المعصور. اشربْ سوما الصالحَ على ما تشاء، لكي تصيرَ لك الرشفةُ الأولى من السُّوميّا مزيجًا غنيًّا بالجوهر.
Word by Word
सद्यःimmediately, at once
सद्यः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यस् (प्रातिपदिक) < सद्य (अव्ययार्थ)
हindeed, surely
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात)
जातःborn
जातः:
Kartā (वृṣभः का विशेषण/समनाधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनि) → जात (कृदन्त)
वृषभःthe bull (strong one)
वृषभः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
कनीनःthe young one, youth
कनीनः:
Kartā (वृषभः का विशेषण/समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकनीन (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग)
भर्तुम्to bear, to carry
भर्तुम्:
Karma (क्रियार्थक-उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरति) → भर्तुम्
आवदत्spoke, uttered
आवदत्:
Kartā (वृषभः/कनीनः)
TypeVerb
Root√वद् (वदति) + आ-
अन्धसःof the soma-juice, of the drink
अन्धसः:
Sambandha (सुतस्य विशेषण) / Apādāna-अर्थे (रस/पेय-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सुतस्यof the pressed (soma)
सुतस्य:
Sambandha (अन्धसः)
TypeAdjective
Root√सु (सुनोति) → सुत (कृदन्त) / सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
साधोःof the good (one), of the excellent
साधोः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु (प्रातिपदिक)
पिबdrink!
पिब:
Karma (रस/सोम implied)
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पिबति)
प्रतिकामम्according to desire, as you wish
प्रतिकामम्:
Adhikaraṇa (रीति/प्रकार) / Karma-विशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
यथाas, so that
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
तेfor you / your
ते:
Sampradāna/Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
रसाशिरःthe juice-mixture, the mixed draught
रसाशिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरस + आशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमम्first
प्रथमम्:
Karma-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
सोम्यस्यof soma, somic
सोम्यस्य:
Sambandha (रसाशिरः/प्रथमम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसोम्य (प्रातिपदिक) < सोम
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