Rig Veda 3.42.6: Mandala 3, Sukta 42, Mantra 6
Sukta 3.42
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirmable metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विद्मा हि त्वा धनंजयं वाजेषु दधृषं कवे । अधा ते सुम्नमीमहे ॥
Transliteration
vidmā́ hí tvā dhanam-jayáṁ vā́jeṣu dadhṛṣáṁ kave | ádhā te sumnám īmahe ||
Translation
فإنّا نعرفك ظافِرًا بالغنائم، جَسورًا في وفرةِ القُوّة، أيّها الكَڤيّ (الرائي). فلذلك نلتمسُ نعمتك—سَعَتَكَ السعيدة التي تُقيمُ نُمُوَّنا.
Word by Word
विद्मwe know
विद्म:
Kartā (अस्मद्-कर्तृ) — ‘हम’ (अध्याहृत) जानते हैं
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विद् ‘जानना’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma (विद्म के) — ‘त्वाम्’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्-प्रातिपदिक)
धनंजयम्the wealth-conqueror (epithet)
धनंजयम्:
Karma (त्वा…धनंजयम्) — ‘धनं जयति’ इति विशेषण
TypeNoun/Epithet
Rootधनंजय (प्रातिपदिक; धनम् + जय ‘विजय’)
वाजेषुin (the) contests/prize-seekings
वाजेषु:
Adhikaraṇa — ‘वाजेषु’ (प्रतियोग/क्षेत्र: contests, prizes)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
दधृषम्bold, daring
दधृषम्:
Karma (त्वा…दधृषम्) — साहसी/धृष्ट (you as object known)
TypeAdjective (verbal adjective) / Kṛdanta-like stem
Root√धृष् (धृष् ‘धर्षणे/साहसे’ = to dare, be bold) → दधृष (परिपूर्ण/स्थिर-विशेषण)
कवेO sage/poet (seer)
कवे:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन) — संबोधित देवता
TypeNoun/Epithet
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
अधाthen, thereafter
अधा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधा (निपात)
तेyour
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) — ‘ते सुम्नम्’
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (तद्-रूप: ते)
सुम्नम्favor, grace
सुम्नम्:
Karma (ईमहे के) — ‘अनुग्रह/कृपा’
TypeNoun
Rootसुम्न (प्रातिपदिक)
ईमहेwe seek, we request
ईमहे:
Kartā (अस्मद्-कर्तृ) — ‘हम’ (अध्याहृत) याचामहे
TypeVerb
Root√यम्/√इ (वैदिक: √ई ‘to seek, request’)
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