Rig Veda 3.4.8: Mandala 3, Sukta 4, Mantra 8

Sukta 3.4

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attribution for RV 3.4 in the Viśvāmitra corpus)

Devata: Bhāratī–Iḷā–Sarasvatī (the triad of goddesses of inspired speech/illumination), with Agni as mediator

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; standard for much of Mandala 3)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ भारती भारतीभिः सजोषा इळा देवैर्मनुष्येभिरग्निः । सरस्वती सारस्वतेभिरर्वाक्तिस्रो देवीर्बर्हिरेदं सदन्तु ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 3.4.8

Transliteration

ā bhā́ratī bhā́ratībhiḥ sajóṣā iḷā́ deváir manuṣyébhir agníḥ | sárasvatī sārasvatébhiḥ arvā́k tisró devī́r bárhir idáṃ sádantu ||

Translation

فلتأتِ بهاراتي Bhāratī إلى هنا مع البهاراتيين في انسجامٍ واحد؛ ولتأتِ إيلَا Iḷā مع الآلهة ومع البشر عبر أغني Agni. ولتدنُ سَرَسْوَتي Sarasvatī مع السَّرَسْوَتيّين؛ ولتجلسْ هذه الإلهاتُ الثلاثُ على هذا البَرْهِس barhis المقدّس، في داخلنا.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither, forth (towards)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• भारती: Bhāratī (goddess)
• भारती: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारती (प्रातिपदिक; देवीनाम)

• भारतीभिः: with the Bhāratīs
• भारतीभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारती (प्रातिपदिक)

• सजोषाः: in concord, gladly united
• सजोषाः: Kartā (as qualifier of Agni)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सजोषस् (प्रातिपदिक; sa-joṣas)

• इळा: Iḷā (goddess)
• इळा: Kartā (co-subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इळा/इडा (प्रातिपदिक; देवीनाम)

• देवैः: with the gods
• देवैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• मनुष्येभिः: with the men (mortals)
• मनुष्येभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī (goddess)
• सरस्वती: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक; देवीनाम)

• सारस्वतेभिः: with the Sarasvatas (Sarasvatī’s companions/attendants)
• सारस्वतेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सारस्वत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘belonging to Sarasvatī’)

• अर्वाक्: hither, towards here
• अर्वाक्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अर्वाक् (अव्यय/दिक्शब्द)

• तिस्रः: three
• तिस्रः: Kartā (as qualifier of devīs)
• Type: Adjective (Numeral)
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)

• देवीः: goddesses
• देवीः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• बर्हिः: the sacred grass-seat (barhis)
• बर्हिः: Adhikaraṇa (seat/locative sense as ritual ‘on the barhis’ though formally accusative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (object with ‘sit’ = sit on this)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• सदन्तु: let them sit, may they take their seat
• सदन्तु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (सीदति) / sad