Rig Veda 3.38.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 38, Mantra 3

Sukta 3.38

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina

Devata: Indra (as kṣatra-power; verse also evokes world-ordering powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नि षीमिदत्र गुह्या दधाना उत क्षत्राय रोदसी समञ्जन् । सं मात्राभिर्ममिरे येमुरुर्वी अन्तर्मही समृते धायसे धुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 3.38.3

Transliteration

ní ṣīm íd atra guhyā́ dádhānā uta kṣatrā́ya rodasī́ sám añjan | sáṁ mā́trābhir mamire yémur urvī́ antár mahī́ samṛ́te dhā́yase dhuḥ ||

Translation

هنا حقًّا يضعون الخفيَّ في الداخل؛ ولأجل kṣatrá (kṣatrá: سُلطةِ الحكم/قوّةِ السيادة) يَصِلون العالَمَين. وبمقاييسهم بنَوا وحدّدوا الواسعَ الفسيح؛ وفي Mahat (Mahat: العَظَمة)، في نظامٍ مُحكَمِ الالتحام، أقاموا الأسسَ للإنماء والرعاية.

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Word by Word

• नि: down; in; forth (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (upasarga) / ni (avyaya)

• षीम्: indeed; just; surely
• षीम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: षीम् (particle)

• इद्: indeed; even
• इद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (particle)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (deictic adverb)

• गुह्या: hidden (things); secrets
• गुह्या: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुह्य (from √गुह्) / prātipadika गुह्य-

• दधाना: placing; holding; establishing
• दधाना: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धारणे/स्थापने)

• उत: and; also; moreover
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (particle)

• क्षत्राय: for dominion; for sovereignty
• क्षत्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्र (prātipadika क्षत्र-)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (Heaven and Earth)
• रोदसी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (dual stem) रोदसी-

• सम्: together; completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (upasarga)

• अञ्जन्: they anointed; they fitted/arrayed
• अञ्जन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अञ्ज् (अञ्जने/अलङ्कारे)

• सं: together; with
• सं: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (upasarga)

• मात्राभिः: with measures; with (due) proportions
• मात्राभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मात्रा (prātipadika मात्रा-)

• ममिरे: they measured out
• ममिरे: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मा (माने/मिमीतौ ‘to measure’)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• ईमुः: they went; they set in motion
• ईमुः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (गत्यर्थ) with preverb? (Vedic perfect form)

• उर्वी: broad; wide
• उर्वी: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उर्वी (prātipadika उर्वी-)

• अन्तः: within; inside
• अन्तः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तः (indeclinable/adverb)

• मही: the great (earth); the great one
• मही: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (prātipadika मही-)

• समृते: in the gathering; in the confluence
• समृते: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: समृत (prātipadika समृत-) / or loc. of समृत-

• धायसे: for support; for nourishment/establishment
• धायसे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: धायस् (prātipadika धायस्-)

• धुः: they placed; they set
• धुः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धारणे/स्थापने) (Vedic aorist)