Rig Veda 3.18.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 18, Mantra 1
Sukta 3.18
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
भवा नो अग्ने सुमना उपेतौ सखेव सख्ये पितरेव साधुः । पुरुद्रुहो हि क्षितयो जनानां प्रति प्रतीचीर्दहतादरातीः ॥
Transliteration
bhávā no agne sumánā upétau sákhāiva sákhye pitaréva sādhúḥ | purudrúho hí kṣitáyo jánānāṃ práti pratīcī́r dahatād árātīḥ ||
Translation
كُنْ لنا، يا أغني، حضورًا ذا سعادةٍ حين تقترب—كصديقٍ في الصداقة، وكأبٍ، عونًا صادقًا. فإنّ قوى العداء كثيرةٌ في مساكن الناس؛ فأحرِقْ وادفعْ إلى الوراء الهجماتَ العائدة، قوى سوء النيّة.
Word by Word
भवbe; become
भव:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
नःfor us; of us
नः:
सम्प्रदान (हितार्थे) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
सुमनाःkindly; benevolent
सुमनाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + मनस्- (प्रातिपदिक) → सुमनस्-/सुमनाः
उपnear; towards
उप:
(क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्गार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
इतौwhen approached/arrived near; in (your) coming near
इतौ:
अधिकरण (आगमन-स्थित्यर्थ) / सम्बोधन-विशेषण
TypeKṛdanta (verbal adjective)
Rootइ (धातु) → इत- (कृदन्त) / इता- (गन्ता) आधार
सखेवlike a friend
सखेव:
उपमान (उपमेय: अग्नि)
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootसखि- (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
सख्येin friendship
सख्ये:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
पितरेवlike a father
पितरेव:
उपमान
TypeNoun + Indeclinable
Rootपितृ- (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
साधुःgood; beneficent
साधुः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु- (प्रातिपदिक)
पुरुद्रुहःmuch-harming; often-hostile
पुरुद्रुहः:
कर्तृ (उपपद-विशेषण: ‘क्षितयः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु- (अव्यय/पूर्वपद) + द्रुह् (धातु) → द्रुह्/द्रुह- (प्रातिपदिक) बहुव्रीहि
हिfor; indeed
हि:
(सम्बन्ध/हेतुनिपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
क्षितयःdwellings; settlements; peoples
क्षितयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति- (प्रातिपदिक)
जनानाम्of men; of peoples
जनानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootजन- (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रतिagainst; towards
प्रति:
(क्रियाविशेषण/दिशा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
प्रतीचीःturned back; opposing; facing (us)
प्रतीचीः:
कर्म (विशेषण: ‘अरा॑तीः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतीच्- (प्रातिपदिक)
दहतात्let him burn
दहतात्:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदह् (धातु)
अरा॑तीःhostilities; harms; enemies’ malice
अरा॑तीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअराति- (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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