Rig Veda 2.41.16: Mandala 2, Sukta 41, Mantra 16
Sukta 2.41
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Sarasvatī
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh/Jagatī interface (the hymn section to Sarasvatī often moves in longer meters; exact pada-count requires full metrical scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अम्बितमे नदीतमे देवितमे सरस्वति । अप्रशस्ता इव स्मसि प्रशस्तिमम्ब नस्कृधि ॥
Transliteration
ámbi-tame nadī́-tame dévi-tame sárasvati | apraśastā́ iva smasi práśastim amba nas kṛdhi ||
Translation
يا أُمَّ الأمهات، يا أكرمَ الأنهار، يا أسمى الإلهات—سَرَسْوَتِي؛ كأنّنا غيرُ ممدوحين: يا أمّاه، اجعلي لنا ثناءً صادقًا واعترافًا قويمًا.
Word by Word
अम्बितमेO most motherly one
अम्बितमे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative, with superlative suffix)
Rootअम्बा (प्रातिपदिक) + -तम (तमप्-प्रत्यय)
नदीतमेO best of rivers
नदीतमे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun/Adjective (vocative, superlative)
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक) + -तम (तमप्-प्रत्यय)
देवितमेO most divine (goddess)
देवितमे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun/Adjective (vocative, superlative)
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक) + -तम (तमप्-प्रत्यय)
सरस्वतिO Sarasvatī
सरस्वति:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootसरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
अप्रशस्ताःunpraised, not celebrated
अप्रशस्ताः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (अस्मद्-समूहस्य)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle used adjectivally)
Rootअ-प्र-शंस् (धातु √शंस् ‘to praise’) → प्रशस्त (कृदन्त, PPP) with privative अ-
इवas if, like
इव:
उपमान/निपात (comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
स्मसिwe are
स्मसि:
सम्बन्ध/अस्तित्व-क्रिया (अस्मद् कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु √अस् ‘to be’)
प्रशस्तिम्praise, renown
प्रशस्तिम्:
कर्म (कृधि-क्रियायाः)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-शंस् (धातु √शंस्) → प्रशस्ति (स्त्री. भाववाचक संज्ञा)
अम्बO mother
अम्ब:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बा (प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान/अधिकार (beneficiary/for us; genitive of concern)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
कृधिmake, grant
कृधि:
क्रिया (आज्ञा; कर्ता = त्वम्/सरस्वती)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु √कृ ‘to make, do’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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