Rig Veda 10.20.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 20, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.20
Devata: Agni (with Mitra-quality emphasized)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्निमीळे भुजां यविष्ठं शासा मित्रं दुर्धरीतुम् । यस्य धर्मन्त्स्वरेनीः सपर्यन्ति मातुरूधः ॥
Transliteration
agním īḷe bhujā́ṃ yáviṣṭhaṃ śāsā́ mítraṃ durdharītúm | yásya dhármantsvàreṇī́ḥ sapáryanti mātúrū́dhaḥ ||
Translation
أُسبّح أغني (Agni)، أصغرَ حاملي لذّاتِنا، الحاكمَ الصديقَ العسيرَ المَغْلَبَة؛ ذاك الذي تخدمُ قواهُ المضيئةُ سننَه الثابتة، كما تخدمُ ضرعَ الأمّ—تستدرُّ منه الامتلاءَ المُغذّي لنمائنا.
Word by Word
अग्निम्Agni (as the object of praise)
अग्निम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
ईळेI praise / I invoke
ईळे:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईळ्/ईड् (स्तुतौ) धातु
भुजाम्of the arms / of the strong ones (i.e., of the mighty)
भुजाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootभुज्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भुज्’ = भुजा ‘भुजा/भुज’ ‘भुज्’ as ‘arm/strength/possessor’), here as a noun-stem भुज्/भुजा
यविष्ठम्the youngest / most youthful
यविष्ठम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयविष्ठ- (प्रातिपदिक; superlative)
शासाhaving instructed / by command
शासा:
(क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeVerbal (non-finite)
Rootशास् (अनुशासने/आज्ञायाम्) धातु; क्त्वा-प्राय/वेदिक-रूपेण ‘शासा’ (absolutive-like, ‘having commanded/ordained’)
मित्रम्(as) a friend / Mitra-like
मित्रम्:
कर्म (अग्निम् इत्यस्य विशेष्य/अप्पोज़िशन)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्धरीतुम्to withstand / to hold (him) is hard
दुर्धरीतुम्:
प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य (infinitival purpose)
TypeVerbal noun (infinitive)
Rootदुर्- + धृ (धारणे) धातु; ‘दुर्धरि’ (hard-to-hold) + तुमुन्
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धर्मन्ordinance / law
धर्मन्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ordinance, law, fixed order’)
त्स्वरेणीःthe shining rays / sunbeams
त्स्वरेणीः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootस्वरेणी- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sunbeams/bright rays’, Vedic)
सपर्यन्तिthey worship / they attend upon
सपर्यन्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसपर्य् (पूजायाम्/सेवायाम्) धातु
मातुःof the mother
मातुः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊधःudder (source of nourishment)
ऊधः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऊधस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘udder’)
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