Rig Veda 1.73.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 73, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.73

Rishi: Madhucchandā Vaiśvāmitra (traditional for RV 1.73)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Gāyatrī/Anuṣṭubh not applicable here; RV 1.73 is commonly Triṣṭubh (probable for this verse)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

रयिर्न यः पितृवित्तो वयोधाः सुप्रणीतिश्चिकितुषो न शासुः । स्योनशीरतिथिर्न प्रीणानो होतेव सद्म विधतो वि तारीत् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.73.1

Transliteration

rayír ná yaḥ pitṛ-vittó vayó-dhāḥ su-práṇītiś cikituṣó ná śā́suḥ | syoná-śīr átithir ná prīṇānó hotéva sádma vidható ví tārīt ||

Translation

كغِنىً موروثٍ من الآباء مُكتسَبٍ على خير وجه، يُقيم نماءَنا؛ وبقيادةٍ تامّةٍ يُرشدُ ذوي البصيرة. وكضيفٍ مُرحَّبٍ به، باعثٍ للسكون، يُرضي؛ وكالهوتَر (Hotṛ) يفتحُ دارَ المُقدِّمِ القُربان ويُوسِّعها.

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Word by Word

• रयिः: wealth; bounty
• रयिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि- (प्रातिपदिक) < √रा/रि (धन-गमन/दानार्थक; वैदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पितृवित्तः: having paternal wealth; endowed with ancestral goods
• पितृवित्तः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पितृ-वित्त- (समास; ‘पितृ’ + ‘वित्त’ < √विद् ‘जान/लभ’)

• वयोधाः: life-sustainer; supporter of vital strength
• वयोधाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वयो-धा- (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय; ‘वयस्’ + √धा ‘धारण/स्थापन’)

• सुप्रणीतिः: good guidance; right leading
• सुप्रणीतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-प्र-नीति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सु’ + ‘प्र’ + ‘नीति’ < √नी ‘नेतृ/मार्गदर्शन’)

• चिकितुषः: of the wise/knowing one
• चिकितुषः: —
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: √चित् (चिकित् ‘जान/बुध्’; परिपूर्ण-आवृत्ति) → ‘चिकितुष्’ (कृदन्त)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• शासुः: a ruler; instructor
• शासुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: √शास् (शासन/अनुशासन) → ‘शासु’ (कृदन्त/नामधातु-रूप)

• स्योनशीः: bringing comfort; kindly-resting
• स्योनशीः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्योन-शी- (समास; ‘स्योन’ = सुख/शिव + ‘शी’/‘शय’ < √शी ‘शयन/विश्रान्ति’)

• अतिथिः: guest
• अतिथिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिथि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• प्रीणानः: pleasing; gladdening; satisfying
• प्रीणानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √प्री (तृप्ति/आनन्द) → ‘प्रीणान’ (शानच्-वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• होता: Hotṛ-priest; invoker
• होता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ- (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘यजन/आह्वान’)

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (निपात)

• सद्म: seat; abode; house
• सद्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सद्मन्/सद्म- (प्रातिपदिक)

• विधतः: of the worshipper; of the arranger (sacrificer)
• विधतः: —
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: √धा (विधा/विधान ‘व्यवस्था/सेवा’) → ‘विधत्’ (कृदन्त) अथवा ‘विधत्’ (यजमान/सेवक-नाम)

• वि: apart; forth; widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• तारीत्: he carried across; he brought through
• तारीत्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तॄ (तरण ‘पार-गमन/उद्धार’)