Rig Veda Sukta 57
Mandala 3Sukta 576 Mantras

Sukta 57

Sukta 3.57

Rishi

Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attributed for RV 3.57)

Devata

Indra-Agni (dual), with the Cow/Manīṣā motif central

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (probable; verify metrically)

本颂赞颂双神因陀罗—阿耆尼:他们发现并牢固守护灵感之“牛”(manīṣā),那是流淌的滋养、洞见与胜利之源。诗性的光明与祭祀行动——尤其榨取苏摩——相互贯通,使隐藏的丰饶上升奉达诸神,并回流为指引、兴盛,以及普遍的“善心”。

Mantras

Mantra 1

प्र मे विविक्वाँ अविदन्मनीषां धेनुं चरन्तीं प्रयुतामगोपाम् । सद्यश्चिद्या दुदुहे भूरि धासेरिन्द्रस्तदग्निः पनितारो अस्याः ॥

为我,那洞察者寻得了启示之思:那行走的母牛,被远远驱遣而无守护。她立刻挤出丰厚的滋养与精髓;因陀罗与阿耆尼是她的寻觅者,也是她的得主。

Mantra 2

इन्द्रः सु पूषा वृषणा सुहस्ता दिवो न प्रीताः शशयं दुदुह्रे । विश्वे यदस्यां रणयन्त देवाः प्र वोऽत्र वसवः सुम्नमश्याम् ॥

因陀罗与普善(Pūṣan),两位强壮的公牛,善手有力,如同欢悦的天穹一般,挤取那安息的甘美。诸神若皆在她之中欢喜——愿我们在此得你们的恩祐,哦诸婆苏(Vasus)。

Mantra 3

या जामयो वृष्ण इच्छन्ति शक्तिं नमस्यन्तीर्जानते गर्भमस्मिन् । अच्छा पुत्रं धेनवो वावशाना महश्चरन्ति बिभ्रतं वपूंषि ॥

那些姊妹,渴求那强者(Vṛṣan)的神力(śakti),俯首礼敬,便知此中之胎(garbha)。呼唤着圣子,诸母牛(dhenú)哞鸣;她们行于广大(mahas)之中,负持自身的形相(vapūṃṣi)。

Mantra 4

अच्छा विवक्मि रोदसी सुमेके ग्राव्णो युजानो अध्वरे मनीषा । इमा उ ते मनवे भूरिवारा ऊर्ध्वा भवन्ति दर्शता यजत्राः ॥

我向那善固的天地二界(Rodasī)宣言此语——以灵感之思(manīṣā)在祭仪(adhvara)中驾驭压榨石(grāvan)。这些为你,噢“人”(Manu,思者),多赐可愿之礼;它们向上升起——可见而堪受供献(yajatra)。

Mantra 5

या ते जिह्वा मधुमती सुमेधा अग्ने देवेषूच्यत उरूची । तयेह विश्वाँ अवसे यजत्राना सादय पायया चा मधूनि ॥

你的那舌,满含甘蜜(madhu)而善慧(sumedhā),噢阿耆尼(Agni),在诸神中被称为广照(urūcī)。凭此,在此安坐一切可敬的神力,为我等护佑;并使他们饮啜诸般甘甜(madhūni)。

Mantra 6

या ते अग्ने पर्वतस्येव धारासश्चन्ती पीपयद्देव चित्रा । तामस्मभ्यं प्रमतिं जातवेदो वसो रास्व सुमतिं विश्वजन्याम् ॥

阿耆尼啊,你那一道洪流,如山岳奔泻之水,绵绵不绝,光彩万端,使万物得以滋养;生知者(Jātavedas)、富主(Vasu)啊,请赐予我们那明澈的指引(pramati),并赐下惠及万民的善意与善念(sumati)。

Frequently Asked Questions

In Vedic poetry the Cow often symbolizes a hidden source of wealth and insight. Here it especially represents manīṣā—an inspired, fruitful thought that, once found, “yields” nourishment and success through Indra–Agni.

Manīṣā is inspired intelligence or poetic insight—clear understanding that guides right action. The hymn presents it as something discoverable and productive, like a cow or a flowing stream.

One verse explicitly mentions yoking the pressing-stones (grāvan) in the adhvara (rite). The hymn links correct pressing and offering to the rising of gifts to the gods and the return of guidance, prosperity, and good-mindedness.

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