Rig Veda 2.39.4: Mandala 2, Sukta 39, Mantra 4
Sukta 2.39
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नावेव नः पारयतं युगेव नभ्येव न उपधीव प्रधीव । श्वानेव नो अरिषण्या तनूनां खृगलेव विस्रसः पातमस्मान् ॥
Transliteration
nā́veva naḥ pārayataṃ yugéva nábhyeva na upadhī́va pradhī́va | śvā́neva no áriṣaṇyā tanū́nāṃ khṛ́galeva vi-srásaḥ pātam asmā́n ||
Translation
如舟一般，载我们渡越彼岸；如轭一般，使我们同负同持；如轮毂一般，使我们居中而稳；如支撑一般，扶持我们、承载我们。又如守望之犬，护卫我们的身躯；如善于立足的生灵，护佑我们免于滑坠与倾覆。
Word by Word
नावाlike a boat
नावा:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण साधनभावः) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootनौ- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
नःfor us / of us
नः:
Sampradāna (हित-सम्बन्धः ‘for us’) / Possessive
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्- (सर्वनाम)
पारयतम्carry (us) across, ferry (us)
पारयतम्:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया) — ‘cause (us) to cross’
TypeVerb
Rootपॄ/पॄ (पारयति) धातु; causative of √पॄ/√पॄ (to carry across)
युगाlike yokes (pairs)
युगा:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootयुग- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
नभ्यwith/like a nave (hub)
नभ्य:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootनाभि- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
नःfor us
नः:
Sampradāna (हित-सम्बन्धः) / Possessive
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्-
उपधीwith/like a felly/rim-support (wheel-part)
उपधी:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootउपधि- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
प्रधीwith/like the felly (outer rim)
प्रधी:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootप्रधि- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
श्वानlike a dog
श्वान:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
नःfor us
नः:
Sampradāna (हित-सम्बन्धः) / Possessive
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्-
अरिषण्यwarding off foes, non-injuring/protective
अरिषण्य:
Karaṇa (उपमान-सम्बद्ध-विशेषणम्) / Attribute
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिषण्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अरि-’ + √सन्/√शन्? वैदिक विशेषण)
तनीनाम्of (our) bodies, of persons
तनीनाम्:
Sambandha (genitive) — ‘of bodies/persons’
TypeNoun
Rootतनू- (प्रातिपदिक)
खृगलlike a khṛgala (a small animal; often ‘jackal/antelope’-type)
खृगल:
Karaṇa (उपमान-रूपेण) / Adverbial-comparative
TypeNoun
Rootखृगल- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
विस्रसः(you) loosened/freeing (ones), unfastened
विस्रसः:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण युष्मद्-देवतयोः) / Predicate attribute
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootवि-√स्रंस् (स्रंसते) / ‘विस्रस्’ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
पातम्protect (you two)
पातम्:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया) — ‘protect’
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पाति) / √पा (to protect) — वैदिक लोट्-रूप
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma (रक्षणस्य) / Object
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्- (सर्वनाम)
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