Rig Veda 7.21.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 21, Mantra 2

Sukta 7.21

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र यन्ति यज्ञं विपयन्ति बर्हिः सोममादो विदथे दुध्रवाचः । न्यु भ्रियन्ते यशसो गृभादा दूरउपब्दो वृषणो नृषाचः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.21.2

Transliteration

prá yanti yajñáṃ vipáyanti bárhiḥ sómamā́do vidáthe dudhrávācaḥ | ny ù bhriyante yaśáso gṛbhā́d ā́ dū́ra-upabdaḥ vṛ́ṣaṇo nṛṣā́caḥ ||

Translation

Họ tiến về lễ tế; họ trải rộng bệ cỏ thánh barhis. Trong hội chúng (vidatha), niềm hoan lạc của Soma được chuẩn bị bằng những lời khấn vững giọng. Các vinh quang được mang xuống từ chỗ nắm giữ để hiển lộ; tiếng gọi vang xa, hướng tới sức mạnh Bò Đực (vṛṣan) đang đi giữa loài người.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• यन्ति: they go, they proceed
• यन्ति: (with implied subject) Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, widely, distinctly
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga)

• पयन्ति: they drink/imbibe
• पयन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु) "to drink" (Vedic: also ‘to taste/imbibe, enjoy’)

• बर्हिः: the sacred grass (barhis)
• बर्हिः: Kartā (of an implied verb like ‘is spread/laid’ or as ritual subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमम्: Soma (the pressed drink)
• सोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• आदः: eaters/consumers (i.e., drinkers)
• आदः: Kartā (with following plural predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आद (kṛdanta from √अद् ‘to eat’ / ‘to consume’)

• विदथे: in the rite/assembly (vidatha)
• विदथे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुध्रवाचः: having swift/impetuous speech
• दुध्रवाचः: Kartā (agreeing with ‘आदः’ as a descriptive epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुध्रु-वाच् (compound prātipadika)

• न्यु: down, in (emphatic)
• न्यु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (upasarga) + उ (particle; Vedic)

• भ्रियन्ते: they are borne/carried
• भ्रियन्ते: (with implied subject) Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (धातु)

• यशसः: glories, renown
• यशसः: Kartā (of ‘भ्रियन्ते’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृभादाः: givers of grasping/booty; bestowers who seize (epithet)
• गृभादाः: Kartā (apposition to ‘यशसः’ or to the carriers/agents)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: गृभा-द (compound; kṛdanta from √दा ‘to give’ with base ‘गृभा/गृभ’ ‘seizing, grasping’)

• दूर: far
• दूर: —
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially in compound)
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• उपब्दः: having a call/cry; sounding
• उपब्दः: Kartā (as epithet in apposition)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: उपब्द (प्रातिपदिक; from upa-√vad/√bad ‘sound, call’)

• वृषणः: the bull; the vigorous one
• वृषणः: Kartā (epithet)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृषाचः: dwelling among men; abiding with men
• नृषाचः: Kartā (epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृ-षाच् (compound prātipadika)