Rig Veda 1.2.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.2
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra
Devata: Indra-Vāyu (dual deity invocation)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्रवायू इमे सुता उप प्रयोभिरा गतम् । इन्दवो वामुशन्ति हि ॥
Transliteration
índravāyū imé sutā́ úpa práyo-bhir ā́ gátam | índavo vām uśánti hí ||
Translation
O Indra and Vāyu, come near to these Soma-pressings, borne by their powers of delight; for the Soma-drops indeed yearn for you—seeking your presence to awaken the inner force and the free breath in us.
Word by Word
इन्द्रवायूO Indra and Vāyu
इन्द्रवायू:
सम्बोधन (आह्वान)
TypeNoun (dual compound vocative)
Rootइन्द्र- (प्रातिपदिक) + वायु- (प्रातिपदिक)
इमेthese
इमे:
कर्तृ/विषय (सुताः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypePronoun/Determiner
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुताःpressed (Soma-drops)
सुताः:
कर्तृ/विषय (उशन्ति इत्यस्य कर्ता)
TypeNoun (from participle)
Rootसु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त, भूतकृत्/कर्मणि) → प्रातिपदिक सुत-
उपnear, hither
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (आगतम् इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/adverb)
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
प्रयोभिःwith refreshments/offerings
प्रयोभिः:
करण (means/instrument: ‘with refreshments/offerings’)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘refreshment/pleasure/strengthening draught’)
आtowards, hither
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (गम् धातोः उपसर्गः)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
गतम्come (you two)
गतम्:
क्रिया (आह्वान: ‘come!’)
TypeVerb-form (imperatival injunctive sense via participle)
Rootगम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त, क्त)
इन्दवःthe Soma-drops
इन्दवः:
कर्तृ (उशन्ति इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘Soma drop’)
वाम्of/for you two
वाम्:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (उशन्ति: ‘desire for you two’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → वाम्
उशन्तिdesire, long for
उशन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवश्/उश् (धातु; ‘to desire, wish’) → उश् (प्रसव)
हिindeed, for
हि:
सम्बन्ध/निपातार्थ (emphasis/causal: ‘indeed/for’)
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootहि (निपात)
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